महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-164, verse-19

पौरवो राजशार्दूलस्तव राजन्महारथः ।
मतो मम रथो वीर परवीररथारुजः ॥१९॥

19. pauravo rājaśārdūlastava rājanmahārathaḥ ,
mato mama ratho vīra paravīrarathārujaḥ.

19. pauravaḥ rāja-śārdūlaḥ tava rājan mahā-rathaḥ
mataḥ mama rathaḥ vīra para-vīra-ratha-ārujaḥ

19. rājan tava pauravaḥ rāja-śārdūlaḥ mahā-rathaḥ (asti) vīra
mama mataḥ (saḥ) para-vīra-ratha-ārujaḥ rathaḥ (asti)

19. O King (rājan), your Paurava, the best among kings (rājaśārdūla), is a great chariot-warrior (mahāratha). O hero (vīra), he is considered by me to be a warrior capable of destroying the chariots of enemy heroes.

Words meanings summery:

• पौरवः (pauravaḥ) - Jayadratha (the Paurava king being discussed) (a descendant of Puru, a king of the Paurava dynasty)

• राज-शार्दूलः (rāja-śārdūlaḥ) - tiger among kings, excellent king, best of kings

• तव (tava) - your

• राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhritarashtra (O king)

• महा-रथः (mahā-rathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior, maharatha

• मतः (mataḥ) - considered, thought, opined

• मम (mama) - my, by me

• रथः (rathaḥ) - warrior (in a chariot) (chariot, charioteer, warrior)

• वीर (vīra) - O hero (addressed to Duryodhana or Dronacharya) (O hero, O brave one)

• पर-वीर-रथ-आरुजः (para-vīra-ratha-ārujaḥ) - one who breaks the chariots of enemy heroes

Words meanings and morphology

पौरवः (pauravaḥ) - Jayadratha (the Paurava king being discussed) (a descendant of Puru, a king of the Paurava dynasty)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of paurava

paurava - descendant of Puru, king of the Paurava line

derivative from Puru

राज-शार्दूलः (rāja-śārdūlaḥ) - tiger among kings, excellent king, best of kings

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāja-śārdūla

rāja-śārdūla - king-tiger, chief of kings

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+śārdūla)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• śārdūla – tiger
  noun (masculine)

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

राजन् (rājan) - O King Dhritarashtra (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

महा-रथः (mahā-rathaḥ) - great chariot-warrior, maharatha

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahā-ratha

mahā-ratha - great warrior, one who can fight ten thousand warriors simultaneously

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ratha)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective
• ratha – chariot, charioteer, warrior
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)

मतः (mataḥ) - considered, thought, opined

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mata

mata - considered, thought, opinion, approved

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'man' (to think)

Root: man (class 4)

Note: Implies 'he is considered'.

मम (mama) - my, by me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of aham

aham - I, me

Note: Used as an agent in a passive construction ('by me').

रथः (rathaḥ) - warrior (in a chariot) (chariot, charioteer, warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, war-car, also can refer to charioteer or warrior in a chariot

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative, completing the statement about Paurava.

वीर (vīra) - O hero (addressed to Duryodhana or Dronacharya) (O hero, O brave one)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, brave, mighty

पर-वीर-रथ-आरुजः (para-vīra-ratha-ārujaḥ) - one who breaks the chariots of enemy heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of para-vīra-ratha-āruja

para-vīra-ratha-āruja - breaker of enemy heroes' chariots

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (para+vīra+ratha+āruja)

• para – other, enemy
  adjective (masculine)
• vīra – hero, warrior
  noun (masculine)
• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ram (class 1)
• āruja – breaking, crushing, destroying
  noun (masculine)
  Agent Noun
  From √ruj with prefix ā
  Prefix: ā
  Root: ruj (class 6)

Note: Qualifies `rathaḥ`.