महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-164, verse-1

भीष्म उवाच ।
शकुनिर्मातुलस्तेऽसौ रथ एको नराधिप ।
प्रसज्य पाण्डवैर्वैरं योत्स्यते नात्र संशयः ॥१॥

1. bhīṣma uvāca ,
śakunirmātulaste'sau ratha eko narādhipa ,
prasajya pāṇḍavairvairaṁ yotsyate nātra saṁśayaḥ.

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca śakuniḥ mātulaḥ te asau rathaḥ ekaḥ narādhipa
prasajya pāṇḍavaiḥ vairam yotsyate na atra saṃśayaḥ

1. bhīṣmaḥ uvāca he narādhipa asau te mātulaḥ śakuniḥ ekaḥ
rathaḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ vairam prasajya atra saṃśayaḥ na yotsyate

1. Bhishma spoke: "O King, this maternal uncle of yours, Shakuni, the unique charioteer, having provoked hostility with the Pandavas, will certainly fight; there is no doubt about this."

Words meanings summery:

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (a name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni (a name)

• मातुलः (mātulaḥ) - maternal uncle

• ते (te) - your, of you

• असौ (asau) - this one, that one

• रथः (rathaḥ) - charioteer (in the sense of a warrior who fights from a chariot) (charioteer, chariot)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - unique, singular (describing the charioteer) (one, singular, unique, chief, alone)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - Addressing Duryodhana as 'O King' (O King, ruler of men)

• प्रसज्य (prasajya) - having instigated/provoked (hostility) (having clung to, having given oneself up to, having instigated, having provoked)

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas

• वैरम् (vairam) - hostility, enmity, hatred

• योत्स्यते (yotsyate) - he will fight

• न (na) - not, no

• अत्र (atra) - about this (here, in this matter, about this)

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

Words meanings and morphology

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma (a name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (name of a prominent warrior and patriarch in the Mahabharata)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

From √vac (to speak), perfect 3rd person singular active.

Root: vac (class 2)

शकुनिः (śakuniḥ) - Shakuni (a name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śakuni

śakuni - Shakuni (name of Gandhari's brother and Duryodhana's maternal uncle)

मातुलः (mātulaḥ) - maternal uncle

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mātula

mātula - maternal uncle

ते (te) - your, of you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Enclitic form of genitive singular of yuṣmad.

असौ (asau) - this one, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - this, that

Note: Refers to Shakuni.

रथः (rathaḥ) - charioteer (in the sense of a warrior who fights from a chariot) (charioteer, chariot)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot; charioteer; warrior fighting from a chariot

From √ram (to delight) with suffix -tha, or √rā (to give) with -tha.

Root: ram (class 1)

Note: Here, referring to Shakuni's role as a warrior in a chariot.

एकः (ekaḥ) - unique, singular (describing the charioteer) (one, singular, unique, chief, alone)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of eka

eka - one, singular, unique, chief, alone

Note: Qualifies 'rathaḥ' (charioteer), implying a unique or pre-eminent fighter.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - Addressing Duryodhana as 'O King' (O King, ruler of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord
  noun (masculine)

Note: Compound of nara (man) and adhipa (lord/ruler).

प्रसज्य (prasajya) - having instigated/provoked (hostility) (having clung to, having given oneself up to, having instigated, having provoked)

(indeclinable)

absolutive/gerund

Absolutive (gerund) form from √saj (to cling, attach) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: saj (class 1)

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - by the Pandavas, with the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Patronymic from Pāṇḍu.

वैरम् (vairam) - hostility, enmity, hatred

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vaira

vaira - hostility, enmity, hatred

From vīra (hero) meaning 'heroic hostility' or 'hostility towards a hero'.

योत्स्यते (yotsyate) - he will fight

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, future (lṛṭ) of yudh

Future middle

From √yudh (to fight), future 3rd person singular middle.

Root: yudh (class 4)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

अत्र (atra) - about this (here, in this matter, about this)

(indeclinable)

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, hesitation

From √śī (to lie) with prefix saṃ, meaning 'lying together' or 'wavering'.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)