महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-164, verse-20

स्वेन सैन्येन सहितः प्रतपञ्शत्रुवाहिनीम् ।
प्रधक्ष्यति स पाञ्चालान्कक्षं कृष्णगतिर्यथा ॥२०॥

20. svena sainyena sahitaḥ pratapañśatruvāhinīm ,
pradhakṣyati sa pāñcālānkakṣaṁ kṛṣṇagatiryathā.

20. svena sainyena sahitaḥ pratapan śatru-vāhinīm
pradhakṣyati sa pāñcālān kakṣam kṛṣṇa-gatiḥ yathā

20. sa svena sainyena sahitaḥ śatru-vāhinīm pratapan pāñcālān
pradhakṣyati yathā kṛṣṇa-gatiḥ kakṣam (pradhakṣyati)

20. Accompanied by his own army, he (Paurava), tormenting the enemy forces, will incinerate the Pañcālas, just as fire (kṛṣṇagati) consumes dry grass.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वेन (svena) - by his own, with his own

• सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army, with the army

• सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with, joined with

• प्रतपन् (pratapan) - scorching, burning, harassing, tormenting

• शत्रु-वाहिनीम् (śatru-vāhinīm) - enemy army, host of enemies

• प्रधक्ष्यति (pradhakṣyati) - he will burn, he will consume, he will destroy

• स (sa) - he (Paurava) (he)

• पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pañcālas (people of Pañcāla kingdom)

• कक्षम् (kakṣam) - dry grass, jungle, brushwood

• कृष्ण-गतिः (kṛṣṇa-gatiḥ) - fire (literally, 'whose course is black' or 'whose path is black'), Agni

• यथा (yathā) - just as, like, in which way

Words meanings and morphology

स्वेन (svena) - by his own, with his own

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sva

sva - own, one's own

Note: Agrees with `sainyena`.

सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army, with the army

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, host, military force

सहितः (sahitaḥ) - accompanied by, together with, joined with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahita

sahita - accompanied by, joined with, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dhā' with prefix 'sa-hita'

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies `sa` (he).

प्रतपन् (pratapan) - scorching, burning, harassing, tormenting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratapat

pratapat - scorching, tormenting, causing pain, harassing

Present Active Participle

Nominative singular masculine form of present participle from verb 'pratap'

Prefix: pra

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `sa` (he), acting adverbially.

शत्रु-वाहिनीम् (śatru-vāhinīm) - enemy army, host of enemies

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śatru-vāhinī

śatru-vāhinī - enemy army, hostile force

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śatru+vāhinī)

• śatru – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)
• vāhinī – army, host, river
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vah (class 1)

Note: Object of `pratapan`.

प्रधक्ष्यति (pradhakṣyati) - he will burn, he will consume, he will destroy

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of pradhakṣ

Future Active Indicative

3rd person singular, Parasmaipada, Future Tense

Prefix: pra

Root: dah (class 1)

स (sa) - he (Paurava) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Paurava.

पाञ्चालान् (pāñcālān) - the Pañcālas (people of Pañcāla kingdom)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāñcāla

pāñcāla - a king or person from the Pañcāla country

Note: Object of `pradhakṣyati`.

कक्षम् (kakṣam) - dry grass, jungle, brushwood

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kakṣa

kakṣa - dry grass, jungle, brushwood, armpit

Note: Object of the implied burning verb for 'kṛṣṇa-gati'.

कृष्ण-गतिः (kṛṣṇa-gatiḥ) - fire (literally, 'whose course is black' or 'whose path is black'), Agni

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa-gati

kṛṣṇa-gati - fire (lit. 'having a black path' due to smoke), Agni

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kṛṣṇa+gati)

• kṛṣṇa – black, dark
  adjective (masculine)
• gati – path, course, movement
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Subject of the simile, 'as fire (does)'.

यथा (yathā) - just as, like, in which way

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces a simile.