महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-164, verse-36

एतेन युद्धमभवत्पुरा गाण्डीवधन्वनः ।
दिवसान्सुबहून्राजन्नुभयोर्जयगृद्धिनोः ॥३६॥

36. etena yuddhamabhavatpurā gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ ,
divasānsubahūnrājannubhayorjayagṛddhinoḥ.

36. etena yuddham abhavat purā gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ
divasān subahūn rājan ubhayoḥ jayagṛddhinoḥ

36. rājan purā etena gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ ubhayoḥ
jayagṛddhinoḥ subahūn divasān yuddham abhavat

36. O king, in the past, a battle took place for many days between him (Bhagadatta) and Arjuna, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, as both were eager for victory.

36. בעבר התחולל קרב בינו לבין בעל קשת הגָאנְדִיוַה (אַרְג׳וּנַה) במשך ימים רבים מאוד, הו מלך, ושניהם חשקו בניצחון.

Words meanings summery:

• एतेन (etena) - by Bhagadatta (by this one, by him)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it happened, it took place, it was

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past, anciently

• गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - of Arjuna, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva, of Arjuna)

• दिवसान् (divasān) - days (duration)

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many, numerous

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

• जयगृद्धिनोः (jayagṛddhinoḥ) - of those eager for victory, of both desirous of triumph

Words meanings and morphology

एतेन (etena) - by Bhagadatta (by this one, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

root 'yudh' with kta suffix (p.p.p.), here used as a noun

Root: yudh (class 4)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it happened, it took place, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Tense

root 'bhū' with augment 'a-' and 3rd person singular ending 't'

Root: bhū (class 1)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past, anciently

(indeclinable)

गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - of Arjuna, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva, of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – name of Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow; an archer
  noun (neuter)

दिवसान् (divasān) - days (duration)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of divasa

divasa - day

Note: used to denote duration of time

सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, numerous

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of ubhaya

ubhaya - both

जयगृद्धिनोः (jayagṛddhinoḥ) - of those eager for victory, of both desirous of triumph

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of jayagṛddhin

jayagṛddhin - eager for victory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+gṛddhin)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhin – eager, desirous, greedy
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)

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