महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-164, verse-36

एतेन युद्धमभवत्पुरा गाण्डीवधन्वनः ।
दिवसान्सुबहून्राजन्नुभयोर्जयगृद्धिनोः ॥३६॥

36. etena yuddhamabhavatpurā gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ ,
divasānsubahūnrājannubhayorjayagṛddhinoḥ.

36. etena yuddham abhavat purā gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ
divasān subahūn rājan ubhayoḥ jayagṛddhinoḥ

36. rājan purā etena gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ ubhayoḥ
jayagṛddhinoḥ subahūn divasān yuddham abhavat

36. O king, in the past, a battle took place for many days between him (Bhagadatta) and Arjuna, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow, as both were eager for victory.

Words meanings summery:

• एतेन (etena) - by Bhagadatta (by this one, by him)

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

• अभवत् (abhavat) - it happened, it took place, it was

• पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past, anciently

• गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - of Arjuna, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva, of Arjuna)

• दिवसान् (divasān) - days (duration)

• सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many, numerous

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

• जयगृद्धिनोः (jayagṛddhinoḥ) - of those eager for victory, of both desirous of triumph

Words meanings and morphology

एतेन (etena) - by Bhagadatta (by this one, by him)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

root 'yudh' with kta suffix (p.p.p.), here used as a noun

Root: yudh (class 4)

अभवत् (abhavat) - it happened, it took place, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Imperfect Tense

root 'bhū' with augment 'a-' and 3rd person singular ending 't'

Root: bhū (class 1)

पुरा (purā) - formerly, in the past, anciently

(indeclinable)

गाण्डीवधन्वनः (gāṇḍīvadhanvanaḥ) - of Arjuna, the wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (of the wielder of Gāṇḍīva, of Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of gāṇḍīvadhanvan

gāṇḍīvadhanvan - wielder of the Gāṇḍīva bow (Arjuna)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gāṇḍīva+dhanvan)

• gāṇḍīva – name of Arjuna's bow
  proper noun (neuter)
• dhanvan – bow; an archer
  noun (neuter)

दिवसान् (divasān) - days (duration)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of divasa

divasa - day

Note: used to denote duration of time

सुबहून् (subahūn) - very many, numerous

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of subahu

subahu - very many, numerous

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

उभयोः (ubhayoḥ) - of both

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of ubhaya

ubhaya - both

जयगृद्धिनोः (jayagṛddhinoḥ) - of those eager for victory, of both desirous of triumph

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, dual of jayagṛddhin

jayagṛddhin - eager for victory

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (jaya+gṛddhin)

• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
• gṛddhin – eager, desirous, greedy
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: gṛdh (class 4)