महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-155, verse-27

निवातकवचैर्युद्धे कालकेयैश्च दानवैः ।
तत्र मे युध्यमानस्य कः सहायस्तदाभवत् ॥२७॥

27. nivātakavacairyuddhe kālakeyaiśca dānavaiḥ ,
tatra me yudhyamānasya kaḥ sahāyastadābhavat.

27. nivātakavacaiḥ yuddhe kālakeyaiḥ ca dānavaiḥ
tatra me yudhyamānasya kaḥ sahāyaḥ tadā abhavat

27. tatra yuddhe nivātakavacaiḥ ca kālakeyaiḥ dānavaiḥ
me yudhyamānasya tadā kaḥ sahāyaḥ abhavat

27. Who was my helper then, when I was fighting in that battle against the Nivātakavacas and the Kālakeya demons?

Words meanings summery:

• निवातकवचैः (nivātakavacaiḥ) - by the Nivātakavacas (by the Nivātakavacas (a class of powerful demons))

• युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle (in battle, in warfare, in conflict)

• कालकेयैः (kālakeyaiḥ) - by the Kālakeyas (by the Kālakeyas (a class of demons))

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• दानवैः (dānavaiḥ) - by the demons (by the Dānavas (demons))

• तत्र (tatra) - there (in that battle) (there, in that place)

• मे (me) - of me (of me, to me)

• युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - of me fighting (of one fighting, while fighting)

• कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

• सहायः (sahāyaḥ) - helper (helper, associate, ally, friend)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अभवत् (abhavat) - was (was, became, happened)

Words meanings and morphology

निवातकवचैः (nivātakavacaiḥ) - by the Nivātakavacas (by the Nivātakavacas (a class of powerful demons))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of nivātakavaca

nivātakavaca - Nivātakavaca (a specific class of powerful demons, literally 'having impenetrable armour')

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nivāta+kavaca)

• nivāta – windless, sheltered, impregnable
  adjective
  Prefix: ni
• kavaca – armour, breastplate
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indicates the agents or opponents in battle.

युद्धे (yuddhe) - in the battle (in battle, in warfare, in conflict)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, fight, war

Past Passive Participle

Derived from √yudh (to fight).

Root: yudh (class 4)

कालकेयैः (kālakeyaiḥ) - by the Kālakeyas (by the Kālakeyas (a class of demons))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kālakeya

kālakeya - Kālakeya (a class of powerful demons, descendants of Kalakā)

Note: Indicates opponents in battle, parallel to Nivātakavacas.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects 'kālakeyaiḥ' and 'dānavaiḥ'.

दानवैः (dānavaiḥ) - by the demons (by the Dānavas (demons))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - demon, son of Danu

Note: Refers to the Kālakeyas who are a type of Dānava.

तत्र (tatra) - there (in that battle) (there, in that place)

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - of me (of me, to me)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of mad

mad - I, me

Note: Enclitic form of genitive 'mama'.

युध्यमानस्य (yudhyamānasya) - of me fighting (of one fighting, while fighting)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yudhyamāna

yudhyamāna - fighting, warring

Present Active Participle (ātmanepada)

Derived from root √yudh (to fight), ātmanepada, present participle.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Qualifies the implied speaker (Arjuna).

कः (kaḥ) - who (who, what)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

सहायः (sahāyaḥ) - helper (helper, associate, ally, friend)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahāya

sahāya - helper, associate, ally, friend

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

अभवत् (abhavat) - was (was, became, happened)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of bhū

Root verb, 1st conjugation (bhuv-ādi)

Root: bhū (class 1)