महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-155, verse-17

स भोजराजः सैन्येन महता परिवारितः ।
अक्षौहिण्या महावीर्यः पाण्डवान्समुपागमत् ॥१७॥

17. sa bhojarājaḥ sainyena mahatā parivāritaḥ ,
akṣauhiṇyā mahāvīryaḥ pāṇḍavānsamupāgamat.

17. saḥ bhojarājaḥ sainyena mahatā parivāritaḥ
akṣauhiṇyā mahāvīryaḥ pāṇḍavān samupāgamat

17. saḥ mahāvīryaḥ bhojarājaḥ mahatā sainyena
akṣauhiṇyā parivāritaḥ pāṇḍavān samupāgamat

17. That King Bhoja (Rukmi), who was greatly valorous and accompanied by a vast army, specifically an akṣauhiṇī (a grand military division), approached the Pāṇḍavas.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that

• भोजराजः (bhojarājaḥ) - Rukmi (King Bhoja)

• सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army, with the army

• महता (mahatā) - by the great, with the great, by a large

• परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed, accompanied

• अक्षौहिण्या (akṣauhiṇyā) - by an akṣauhiṇī (a specific large division of an army)

• महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly valorous, of great prowess, very mighty

• पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

• समुपागमत् (samupāgamat) - he approached, he came near

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to King Bhoja.

भोजराजः (bhojarājaḥ) - Rukmi (King Bhoja)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhojarāja

bhojarāja - King Bhoja

Compound of 'bhoja' (name of a tribe/dynasty) and 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhoja+rājan)

• bhoja – name of a tribe or dynasty
  proper noun (masculine)
• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

सैन्येन (sainyena) - by the army, with the army

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of sainya

sainya - army, military force

From 'senā' (army), 'sainya' means 'relating to an army' or 'an army'.

Note: Instrumental indicating accompaniment.

महता (mahatā) - by the great, with the great, by a large

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty

Note: Agrees with 'sainyena'.

परिवारितः (parivāritaḥ) - surrounded, encompassed, accompanied

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of parivārita

parivārita - surrounded, encompassed, accompanied

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vṛ' (to cover, surround) with prefix 'pari'.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'bhojarājaḥ'.

अक्षौहिण्या (akṣauhiṇyā) - by an akṣauhiṇī (a specific large division of an army)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of akṣauhiṇī

akṣauhiṇī - a large division of an army (consisting of 21,870 chariots, 21,870 elephants, 65,610 horses, and 109,350 foot soldiers)

Note: In apposition to 'sainyena'.

महावीर्यः (mahāvīryaḥ) - greatly valorous, of great prowess, very mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahāvīrya

mahāvīrya - of great valor/prowess, very mighty

Bahuvrihi compound meaning 'possessing great valor'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+vīrya)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective
• vīrya – valor, strength, prowess
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vīr (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'bhojarājaḥ'.

पाण्डवान् (pāṇḍavān) - the Pāṇḍavas

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, the Pāṇḍavas

Patronymic from 'Pāṇḍu'.

Note: Object of 'samupāgamat'.

समुपागमत् (samupāgamat) - he approached, he came near

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect tense

Root 'gam' with prefixes 'sam', 'upa', and 'ā'. Imperfect third person singular, parasmaipada.

Prefixes: sam+upa+ā

Root: gam (class 1)