महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-132, verse-29

स्वर्गद्वारोपमं राज्यमथ वाप्यमृतोपमम् ।
रुद्धमेकायने मत्वा पतोल्मुक इवारिषु ॥२९॥

29. svargadvāropamaṁ rājyamatha vāpyamṛtopamam ,
ruddhamekāyane matvā patolmuka ivāriṣu.

29. svargadvāropamam rājyam atha vā api amṛtopamam
ruddham ekāyane matvā patolmukaḥ iva ariṣu

29. rājyam svargadvāropamam atha vā api amṛtopamam ekāyane ruddham matvā,
ariṣu patolmukaḥ iva (patet)

29. Realizing that a kingdom, which is like the gate of heaven or even like nectar, is blocked on a single, inescapable path, one should fall upon enemies like a falling firebrand.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वर्गद्वारोपमम् (svargadvāropamam) - like the gate of heaven, comparable to the portal of paradise

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

• अथ (atha) - then, moreover, and, also

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

• अमृतोपमम् (amṛtopamam) - like nectar, comparable to immortality

• रुद्धम् (ruddham) - obstructed, blocked, besieged, checked

• एकायने (ekāyane) - on a single path, in a sole recourse, in a critical situation

• मत्वा (matvā) - having considered, having thought, knowing, deeming

• पतोल्मुकः (patolmukaḥ) - falling firebrand, flaming meteor

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if, similar to

• अरिषु (ariṣu) - upon enemies, among enemies

Words meanings and morphology

स्वर्गद्वारोपमम् (svargadvāropamam) - like the gate of heaven, comparable to the portal of paradise

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of svargadvāropama

svargadvāropama - like the gate of heaven, resembling heaven's door

Compound: `svarga` (heaven) + `dvāra` (gate) + `upama` (comparison, likeness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (svarga+dvāra+upama)

• svarga – heaven, paradise, celestial abode
  noun (masculine)
• dvāra – gate, door, entrance, portal
  noun (neuter)
• upama – likeness, comparison, simile, resemblance
  noun (feminine)

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign, rule, state

Derived from `rājan` (king).

Root: rāj

Note: Subject of the implied clause.

अथ (atha) - then, moreover, and, also

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

अमृतोपमम् (amṛtopamam) - like nectar, comparable to immortality

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of amṛtopama

amṛtopama - like nectar, resembling immortality

Compound: `amṛta` (nectar, immortality) + `upama` (comparison, likeness).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (amṛta+upama)

• amṛta – nectar, immortality, imperishable
  noun (neuter)
  Literally 'not dead', from `a` (not) + `mṛta` (dead, ppp of `mṛ`).
  Root: mṛ
• upama – likeness, comparison, simile, resemblance
  noun (feminine)

रुद्धम् (ruddham) - obstructed, blocked, besieged, checked

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ruddha

ruddha - obstructed, blocked, stopped, besieged, surrounded, held back

Past Passive Participle

From root `rudh` (to obstruct, block).

Root: rudh (class 7)

एकायने (ekāyane) - on a single path, in a sole recourse, in a critical situation

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ekāyana

ekāyana - single path, sole course, only way, exclusive devotion (to one object), critical juncture

Compound: `eka` (one, single) + `ayana` (path, way, course).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (eka+ayana)

• eka – one, single, sole, unique, alone
  numeral
• ayana – path, way, course, journey, going, refuge
  noun (neuter)
  From root `i` (to go).
  Root: i (class 2)

Note: Describes the state of being limited to one recourse.

मत्वा (matvā) - having considered, having thought, knowing, deeming

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From root `man` (to think, consider) with suffix `ktvā`.

Root: man (class 4)

पतोल्मुकः (patolmukaḥ) - falling firebrand, flaming meteor

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of patolmuka

patolmuka - falling firebrand, flaming meteor, falling ember

Compound of `patat` (falling, from root `pat`) and `ulmuka` (firebrand, meteor).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (patat+ulmuka)

• patat – falling, flying, descending
  adjective (neuter)
  Present Active Participle
  From root `pat` (to fall).
  Root: pat (class 1)
• ulmuka – firebrand, torch, meteor, spark
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the implied subject, the warrior.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

अरिषु (ariṣu) - upon enemies, among enemies

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of ari

ari - enemy, foe, opponent, adversary

Root: ṛ

Note: Indicates the object of the implied action of falling.