महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-132, verse-28

राज्यं वाप्युग्रविभ्रंशं संशयो जीवितस्य वा ।
प्रलब्धस्य हि शत्रोर्वै शेषं कुर्वन्ति साधवः ॥२८॥

28. rājyaṁ vāpyugravibhraṁśaṁ saṁśayo jīvitasya vā ,
pralabdhasya hi śatrorvai śeṣaṁ kurvanti sādhavaḥ.

28. rājyam vā api ugravibhraṃśam saṃśayaḥ jīvitasya vā
pralabdhasya hi śatroḥ vai śeṣam kurvanti sādhavaḥ

28. rājyam vā api ugravibhraṃśam jīvitasya vā saṃśayaḥ
hi vai sādhavaḥ pralabdhasya śatroḥ śeṣam kurvanti

28. Even facing a terrible loss of kingdom or danger to life, virtuous people indeed complete the destruction of an enemy who has been outwitted.

Words meanings summery:

• राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

• उग्रविभ्रंशम् (ugravibhraṁśam) - terrible destruction/loss, severe decline

• संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, risk, danger, uncertainty

• जीवितस्य (jīvitasya) - of life, of existence

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• प्रलब्धस्य (pralabdhasya) - of the one who has been outwitted/deceived/overcome

• हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

• शत्रोः (śatroḥ) - of the enemy

• वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

• शेषम् (śeṣam) - the remaining part of the enemy or their power (remainder, residue, what is left)

• कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they bring to an end, they destroy (they do, they make, they perform, they accomplish)

• साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - virtuous people, good men, wise men

Words meanings and morphology

राज्यम् (rājyam) - kingdom, sovereignty, reign

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rājya

rājya - kingdom, sovereignty, reign, rule, state

Derived from `rājan` (king).

Root: rāj

Note: Can also be accusative, but nominative fits here as part of the circumstances.

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even, also, too, moreover

(indeclinable)

उग्रविभ्रंशम् (ugravibhraṁśam) - terrible destruction/loss, severe decline

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ugravibhraṃśa

ugravibhraṁśa - terrible destruction, severe loss, great fall, serious deterioration

Compound of `ugra` (terrible) and `vibhraṃśa` (fall, destruction).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (ugra+vibhraṃśa)

• ugra – terrible, fierce, severe, mighty, violent
  adjective (masculine)
• vibhraṃśa – fall, destruction, loss, decline, corruption
  noun (masculine)
  From root `bhraṃś` (to fall) with prefix `vi`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: bhraṃś (class 1)

Note: Used predicatively for `rājyam`.

संशयः (saṁśayaḥ) - doubt, risk, danger, uncertainty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśaya

saṁśaya - doubt, uncertainty, risk, danger, hesitation

From root `śī` (to lie, to doubt) with prefix `sam`.

Prefix: sam

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Subject of the clause.

जीवितस्य (jīvitasya) - of life, of existence

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, existence, livelihood, living

Past Passive Participle used as a noun.

From root `jīv` (to live).

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Dependent on `saṃśayaḥ`.

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

प्रलब्धस्य (pralabdhasya) - of the one who has been outwitted/deceived/overcome

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pralabdha

pralabdha - outwitted, deceived, overcome, gained, obtained, found

Past Passive Participle

From root `labh` (to obtain, gain) with prefix `pra`. In context, it means the enemy has been brought to a vulnerable state.

Prefix: pra

Root: labh (class 1)

हि (hi) - indeed, surely, because

(indeclinable)

शत्रोः (śatroḥ) - of the enemy

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śatru

śatru - enemy, foe, rival, opponent

Root: śad

Note: Dependent on `pralabdhasya`.

वै (vai) - indeed, surely, verily

(indeclinable)

शेषम् (śeṣam) - the remaining part of the enemy or their power (remainder, residue, what is left)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śeṣa

śeṣa - remainder, residue, rest, end, conclusion, remnant

From root `śiṣ` (to leave behind).

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

Note: Object of `kurvanti`, part of the idiom `śeṣaṃ kṛ` (to make an end of, to destroy).

कुर्वन्ति (kurvanti) - they bring to an end, they destroy (they do, they make, they perform, they accomplish)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of kṛ

Present tense, 3rd person plural, active voice.

From root `kṛ` (to do).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

साधवः (sādhavaḥ) - virtuous people, good men, wise men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sādhu

sādhu - good, virtuous, righteous, wise, holy man, saint, correct

From root `sādh` (to accomplish, succeed).

Root: sādh (class 5)

Note: Subject of `kurvanti`.