महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-131, verse-40

यमाजीवन्ति पुरुषं सर्वभूतानि संजय ।
पक्वं द्रुममिवासाद्य तस्य जीवितमर्थवत् ॥४०॥

40. yamājīvanti puruṣaṁ sarvabhūtāni saṁjaya ,
pakvaṁ drumamivāsādya tasya jīvitamarthavat.

40. yam ājīvanti puruṣam sarvabhūtāni saṃjaya
pakvam drumam iva āsādya tasya jīvitam arthavat

40. saṃjaya yam puruṣam sarvabhūtāni pakvam drumam
iva āsādya ājīvanti tasya jīvitam arthavat

40. O Saṃjaya, the life of that person (puruṣa) whom all beings depend upon, approaching him like a ripe tree, is indeed meaningful.

Words meanings summery:

• यम् (yam) - whom, which

• आजीवन्ति (ājīvanti) - they live by, they depend on, they subsist on

• पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - person, man, cosmic person (puruṣa)

• सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings, all creatures

• संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

• पक्वम् (pakvam) - ripe, mature

• द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree

• इव (iva) - like, as

• आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached, having obtained

• तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of that

• जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living

• अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful, purposeful, wealthy

Words meanings and morphology

यम् (yam) - whom, which

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

आजीवन्ति (ājīvanti) - they live by, they depend on, they subsist on

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (lat) of ājīvanti

Present Active

Derived from root jīv (to live) with prefix ā, present tense, 3rd person plural active.

Prefix: ā

Root: jīv (class 1)

पुरुषम् (puruṣam) - person, man, cosmic person (puruṣa)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, male, person, spirit, the cosmic person (puruṣa)

सर्वभूतानि (sarvabhūtāni) - all beings, all creatures

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of sarvabhūta

sarvabhūta - all beings, all creatures

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarva+bhūta)

• sarva – all, every
  pronoun (masculine)
• bhūta – being, creature, element, past
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root bhū (to be). Used as a noun.
  Root: bhū (class 1)

संजय (saṁjaya) - O Saṃjaya

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of saṃjaya

saṁjaya - Saṃjaya (a proper name, charioteer of Dhṛtarāṣṭra in the Mahābhārata)

पक्वम् (pakvam) - ripe, mature

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pakva

pakva - cooked, ripe, mature

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root pac (to cook, ripen).

Root: pac (class 1)

द्रुमम् (drumam) - tree

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of druma

druma - tree

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

आसाद्य (āsādya) - having approached, having reached, having obtained

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Derived from root sad (to sit, go) with prefixes ā and sa, absolutive form.

Prefixes: ā+sam

Root: sad (class 1)

तस्य (tasya) - his, its, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, it

जीवितम् (jīvitam) - life, living

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jīvita

jīvita - life, livelihood, living

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root jīv (to live). Used as a noun.

Root: jīv (class 1)

अर्थवत् (arthavat) - meaningful, purposeful, wealthy

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of arthavat

arthavat - meaningful, significant, useful, purposeful, wealthy

Derived from artha (meaning, purpose, wealth) with suffix -vat (possessing).