महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-131, verse-20

यस्य वृत्तं न जल्पन्ति मानवा महदद्भुतम् ।
राशिवर्धनमात्रं स नैव स्त्री न पुनः पुमान् ॥२०॥

20. yasya vṛttaṁ na jalpanti mānavā mahadadbhutam ,
rāśivardhanamātraṁ sa naiva strī na punaḥ pumān.

20. yasya vṛttaṃ na jalpanti mānavāḥ mahat adbhutaṃ |
rāśivardhanamātraṃ sa na eva strī na punaḥ pumān

20. yasya mahat adbhutaṃ vṛttaṃ mānavāḥ na jalpanti,
sa rāśivardhanamātraṃ.
sa na eva strī na punaḥ pumān.

20. A person whose great and wonderful conduct is not praised by others is merely an increment to the population. Such a one is neither a woman nor a man.

Words meanings summery:

• यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which, of whom)

• वृत्तं (vṛttaṁ) - conduct, deeds (conduct, character, deed, occurrence, event)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• जल्पन्ति (jalpanti) - they praise, speak of (they speak, talk, chatter, praise)

• मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - men, people (men, human beings, mankind)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important, noble)

• अद्भुतं (adbhutaṁ) - wonderful, wondrous (wonderful, astonishing, miraculous, strange)

• राशिवर्धनमात्रं (rāśivardhanamātraṁ) - merely an increment to the population, a useless addition (merely increasing a heap/mass/multitude, a mere quantitative increase)

• स (sa) - he, such a one (he, that)

• न (na) - neither (not, no)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, quite)

• स्त्री (strī) - woman (woman, female)

• न (na) - nor (not, no)

• पुनः (punaḥ) - moreover, further (again, moreover, but, on the other hand)

• पुमान् (pumān) - man (man, male, a human being)

Words meanings and morphology

यस्य (yasya) - whose (whose, of which, of whom)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what

Relative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the implied 'person'.

वृत्तं (vṛttaṁ) - conduct, deeds (conduct, character, deed, occurrence, event)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vṛtta

vṛtta - gone, happened, occurred, past, conduct, course of action, character, deed

Past Passive Participle

From root '√vṛt' (to turn, exist, happen).

Root: √vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of 'jalpanti'.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

जल्पन्ति (jalpanti) - they praise, speak of (they speak, talk, chatter, praise)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of √jalp

Present indicative

3rd person plural, present active, parasmaipada.

Root: √jalp (class 1)

मानवाः (mānavāḥ) - men, people (men, human beings, mankind)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mānava

mānava - human, pertaining to man, a man, human being

Derived from 'manu' (Man).

Note: Subject of 'jalpanti'.

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important, noble)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, extensive, important, noble, powerful

Note: Agrees with 'vṛttaṃ'.

अद्भुतं (adbhutaṁ) - wonderful, wondrous (wonderful, astonishing, miraculous, strange)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of adbhuta

adbhuta - wonderful, astonishing, miraculous, extraordinary, strange

Note: Agrees with 'vṛttaṃ'.

राशिवर्धनमात्रं (rāśivardhanamātraṁ) - merely an increment to the population, a useless addition (merely increasing a heap/mass/multitude, a mere quantitative increase)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of rāśivardhanamātra

rāśivardhanamātra - merely an increase to a heap/mass/multitude, a quantitative increase only, a mere addition to the population

Compound of 'rāśi' (heap, multitude) + 'vardhana' (increasing) + 'mātra' (only, mere).

Compound type : tatpurusha (rāśi+vardhana+mātra)

• rāśi – heap, pile, quantity, multitude, mass, zodiacal sign
  noun (masculine)
• vardhana – increasing, growing, causing to grow, strengthening, growth
  adjective (neuter)
  From root √vṛdh 'to grow, increase'
  Root: √vṛdh (class 1)
• mātra – only, merely, no more than, quantity, measure
  indeclinable (neuter)

स (sa) - he, such a one (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

न (na) - neither (not, no)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, quite)

(indeclinable)

स्त्री (strī) - woman (woman, female)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female, wife

Note: Predicative noun.

न (na) - nor (not, no)

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - moreover, further (again, moreover, but, on the other hand)

(indeclinable)

पुमान् (pumān) - man (man, male, a human being)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of puṃs

puṁs - man, male, a human being, soul (puruṣa)

Note: Predicative noun.