महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-5, chapter-131, verse-16

उद्भावयस्व वीर्यं वा तां वा गच्छ ध्रुवां गतिम् ।
धर्मं पुत्राग्रतः कृत्वा किंनिमित्तं हि जीवसि ॥१६॥

16. udbhāvayasva vīryaṁ vā tāṁ vā gaccha dhruvāṁ gatim ,
dharmaṁ putrāgrataḥ kṛtvā kiṁnimittaṁ hi jīvasi.

16. udbhāvayasva vīryam vā tām vā gaccha dhruvām gatim
dharmam putrāgrataḥ kṛtvā kiṃnimittam hi jīvasi

16. vīryam udbhāvayasva vā tām dhruvām gatim gaccha vā.
dharmam putrāgrataḥ kṛtvā (api),
hi kiṃnimittam (tvam) jīvasi?

16. Either display your valor or attain that inevitable fate (death). If you have prioritized your sacred duty (dharma) even above your son, then for what purpose, indeed, do you continue to live (if not to uphold it)?

Words meanings summery:

• उद्भावयस्व (udbhāvayasva) - you display, you manifest (display, manifest, cause to appear)

• वीर्यम् (vīryam) - your valor (valor, strength, prowess, energy)

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• ताम् (tām) - that (inevitable fate) (that, her, it)

• वा (vā) - or, either...or

• गच्छ (gaccha) - you go (to that state), you attain (that fate) (go, attain, reach)

• ध्रुवाम् (dhruvām) - the inevitable (certain, fixed, constant, inevitable)

• गतिम् (gatim) - fate, ultimate end (i.e., death) (state, condition, course, destination)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - your sacred duty (dharma) (dharma, duty, righteousness)

• पुत्राग्रतः (putrāgrataḥ) - prioritizing (dharma) even over your son (before sons, prioritizing sons, having sons first)

• कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (dharma) (having done, having made, having placed)

• किंनिमित्तम् (kiṁnimittam) - for what specific reason (for what reason, why)

• हि (hi) - emphasizing the question: 'indeed' (indeed, surely, for)

• जीवसि (jīvasi) - you live, you exist

Words meanings and morphology

उद्भावयस्व (udbhāvayasva) - you display, you manifest (display, manifest, cause to appear)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of udbhāvaya

Causative Imperative

Causative of √bhū (to be), with prefixes ud- and ā-.

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: bhū (class 1)

वीर्यम् (vīryam) - your valor (valor, strength, prowess, energy)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vīrya

vīrya - heroism, valor, strength, energy, power, seed

From vīra (hero).

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

ताम् (tām) - that (inevitable fate) (that, her, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, she, it

वा (vā) - or, either...or

(indeclinable)

गच्छ (gaccha) - you go (to that state), you attain (that fate) (go, attain, reach)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative Mood

Root √gam (1st conjugation, Parasmaipada).

Root: gam (class 1)

ध्रुवाम् (dhruvām) - the inevitable (certain, fixed, constant, inevitable)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhruva

dhruva - fixed, firm, constant, permanent, certain, inevitable

गतिम् (gatim) - fate, ultimate end (i.e., death) (state, condition, course, destination)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gati

gati - going, motion, course, way, path, state, condition, destination, refuge, liberation

From √gam (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - your sacred duty (dharma) (dharma, duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, virtue, natural law, intrinsic nature, constitution, religion, justice, moral law (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

पुत्राग्रतः (putrāgrataḥ) - prioritizing (dharma) even over your son (before sons, prioritizing sons, having sons first)

(indeclinable)

From putra (son) + agra (front, foremost), with suffix -tas.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+agra)

• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)
• agra – front, foremost, tip, chief
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially to mean 'prioritizing over son'.

कृत्वा (kṛtvā) - having placed (dharma) (having done, having made, having placed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive

Derived from √kṛ (to do, to make).

Root: kṛ (class 8)

किंनिमित्तम् (kiṁnimittam) - for what specific reason (for what reason, why)

(indeclinable)

Compound of kim (what) and nimitta (cause, reason).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kim+nimitta)

• kim – what, which, why
  pronoun (neuter)
• nimitta – cause, reason, sign, omen
  noun (neuter)

Note: Used adverbially.

हि (hi) - emphasizing the question: 'indeed' (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

जीवसि (jīvasi) - you live, you exist

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of jīv

Present Indicative

Root √jīv (1st conjugation, Parasmaipada).

Root: jīv (class 1)