महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-28, verse-5

आयसं हृदयं नूनं तस्य दुष्कृतकर्मणः ।
यस्त्वां धर्मपरं श्रेष्ठं रूक्षाण्यश्रावयत्तदा ॥५॥

5. āyasaṁ hṛdayaṁ nūnaṁ tasya duṣkṛtakarmaṇaḥ ,
yastvāṁ dharmaparaṁ śreṣṭhaṁ rūkṣāṇyaśrāvayattadā.

5. āyasam hṛdayam nūnam tasya duṣkṛtakarmaṇaḥ yaḥ
tvām dharmaparam śreṣṭham rūkṣāṇi aśrāvayat tadā

5. Certainly, the heart of that evil-doer was made of iron, for he then made you, who are supreme and devoted to natural law (dharma), hear such harsh words.

Words meanings summery:

• आयसम् (āyasam) - iron, made of iron

• हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind

• नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, indeed, surely

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, of that

• दुष्कृतकर्मणः (duṣkṛtakarmaṇaḥ) - of the evil-doer, of the one whose actions are wicked

• यः (yaḥ) - who

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• धर्मपरम् (dharmaparam) - devoted to natural law (dharma), intent on righteousness

• श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, supreme, most excellent

• रूक्षाणि (rūkṣāṇi) - harsh words (harsh words, rough things)

• अश्रावयत् (aśrāvayat) - made to hear, caused to listen

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

आयसम् (āyasam) - iron, made of iron

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of āyasa

āyasa - iron, made of iron, metallic

Note: Modifies 'hṛdayam'.

हृदयम् (hṛdayam) - heart, mind

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of hṛdaya

hṛdaya - heart, mind, soul, core

Note: Subject of the implied verb 'was'.

नूनम् (nūnam) - certainly, indeed, surely

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of him, of that

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to Duryodhana.

दुष्कृतकर्मणः (duṣkṛtakarmaṇaḥ) - of the evil-doer, of the one whose actions are wicked

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of duṣkṛtakarman

duṣkṛtakarman - evil-doer, one whose deeds (karma) are wicked

Compound type : bahuvrihi (duṣkṛta+karman)

• duṣkṛta – evil act, misdeed, wicked deed
  noun (neuter)
• karman – action (karma), deed, work
  noun (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'tasya'.

यः (yaḥ) - who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, who, what, that

Note: Refers to the evil-doer (Duryodhana).

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Addressed to Yudhiṣṭhira.

धर्मपरम् (dharmaparam) - devoted to natural law (dharma), intent on righteousness

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharmapara

dharmapara - devoted to natural law (dharma), intent on righteousness, virtuous

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+para)

• dharma – natural law (dharma), righteousness, duty, virtue
  noun (masculine)
• para – chief, principal, supreme, devoted to
  adjective (masculine)

Note: Modifies 'tvām'.

श्रेष्ठम् (śreṣṭham) - best, supreme, most excellent

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śreṣṭha

śreṣṭha - best, most excellent, supreme, chief

Note: Modifies 'tvām'.

रूक्षाणि (rūkṣāṇi) - harsh words (harsh words, rough things)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rūkṣa

rūkṣa - harsh, rough, dry, unkind, severe

Note: Functions as a noun here, "harsh things/words".

अश्रावयत् (aśrāvayat) - made to hear, caused to listen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of śru

Imperfect Indicative (Causative)

From √śru (5th class, parasmaipada) in causative form, imperfect 3rd person singular

Root: śru (class 5)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Note: Refers to the time of the dice game/exile.