महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-28, verse-10

इदं च शयनं दृष्ट्वा यच्चासीत्ते पुरातनम् ।
शोचामि त्वां महाराज दुःखानर्हं सुखोचितम् ॥१०॥

10. idaṁ ca śayanaṁ dṛṣṭvā yaccāsītte purātanam ,
śocāmi tvāṁ mahārāja duḥkhānarhaṁ sukhocitam.

10. idam ca śayanam dṛṣṭvā yat ca āsīt te purātanam
| śocāmi tvām mahārāja duḥkhānarham sukhocitam

10. And seeing this bed, as well as that old one of yours, O great king (mahārāja), I grieve for you, who are undeserving of sorrow and accustomed to comfort.

Words meanings summery:

• इदम् (idam) - this

• च (ca) - and

• शयनम् (śayanam) - bed, couch

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

• यत् (yat) - referring to the old bed (which, that)

• च (ca) - and, also

• आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

• ते (te) - your, to you, for you

• पुरातनम् (purātanam) - old, ancient, former

• शोचामि (śocāmi) - I lament, I grieve

• त्वाम् (tvām) - you

• महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

• दुःखानर्हम् (duḥkhānarham) - unworthy of sorrow, undeserving of pain

• सुकोचितम् (sukocitam) - accustomed to comfort, suited for happiness

Words meanings and morphology

इदम् (idam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this (demonstrative pronoun)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

शयनम् (śayanam) - bed, couch

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śayana

śayana - bed, couch, sleeping, lying down

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root dṛś with suffix -ktvā, indicating a completed action preceding the main verb.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

यत् (yat) - referring to the old bed (which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what, that (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of the clause 'yat ca āsīt te purātanam'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

ते (te) - your, to you, for you

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Enclitic form, often used as genitive or dative.

पुरातनम् (purātanam) - old, ancient, former

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of purātana

purātana - old, ancient, former, past

Note: Agrees with 'yat'.

शोचामि (śocāmi) - I lament, I grieve

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of śuc

Root: śuc (class 1)

त्वाम् (tvām) - you

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

महाराज (mahārāja) - O great king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahārāja

mahārāja - great king

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, mighty, large
  adjective
• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)

दुःखानर्हम् (duḥkhānarham) - unworthy of sorrow, undeserving of pain

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥkhānarha

duḥkhānarha - unworthy of sorrow (duḥkha), undeserving of pain, not fit for suffering

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+anarha)

• duḥkha – sorrow, misery, pain, suffering
  noun (neuter)
• anarha – unworthy, undeserving, not fit
  adjective (masculine)
  Formed from negative prefix 'na' and 'arha' (deserving).

Note: Agrees with 'tvām'.

सुकोचितम् (sukocitam) - accustomed to comfort, suited for happiness

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sukhocita

sukhocita - accustomed to comfort (sukha), fit for happiness, well-suited to pleasure

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sukha+ucita)

• sukha – happiness, comfort, ease, pleasure
  noun (neuter)
• ucita – suitable, proper, fit, accustomed to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root vac (to speak/be suitable) with suffix kta; meaning 'fit, proper, accustomed'.
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'tvām'.