महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-28, verse-19

भीमसेनमिमं चापि दुःखितं वनवासिनम् ।
ध्यायन्तं किं न मन्युस्ते प्राप्ते काले विवर्धते ॥१९॥

19. bhīmasenamimaṁ cāpi duḥkhitaṁ vanavāsinam ,
dhyāyantaṁ kiṁ na manyuste prāpte kāle vivardhate.

19. bhīmasenam imam ca api duḥkhitam vanavāsinam
dhyāyantam kim na manyuḥ te prāpte kāle vivardhate

19. Seeing this very Bhīmasena, who is distressed and dwelling in the forest, constantly reflecting on his plight, why does your resentment not intensify, especially now that the opportune moment has arrived?

Words meanings summery:

• भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

• इमम् (imam) - this one, this

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - distressed, suffering

• वनवासिनम् (vanavāsinam) - forest-dweller

• ध्यायन्तम् (dhyāyantam) - meditating, contemplating, brooding

• किम् (kim) - here used as an interrogative adverb meaning 'why' (why, what, whether)

• न (na) - not

• मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger, wrath, resentment

• ते (te) - 'your' (possessive) (your, to you, by you)

• प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the time has arrived (having arrived, obtained, opportune)

• काले (kāle) - at the opportune moment (in time, at the proper time)

• विवर्धते (vivardhate) - intensifies (increases, grows)

Words meanings and morphology

भीमसेनम् (bhīmasenam) - Bhīmasena

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīmasena

bhīmasena - Name of the second Pāṇḍava brother, known for his strength.

इमम् (imam) - this one, this

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

दुःखितम् (duḥkhitam) - distressed, suffering

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of duḥkhita

duḥkhita - distressed, suffering, sorrowful

Past Passive Participle

Derived from duḥkha (suffering) + ita suffix indicating state. Or from root duḥkh (to suffer).

Root: duḥkh (class 10)

वनवासिनम् (vanavāsinam) - forest-dweller

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vanavāsin

vanavāsin - forest-dweller, ascetic

Agent noun from vana (forest) + vāsin (dweller).

Compound type : tatpurusha (vana+vāsin)

• vana – forest, wood
  noun (neuter)
• vāsin – dweller, inhabitant
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun
  From root vas (to dwell)
  Root: vas (class 1)

ध्यायन्तम् (dhyāyantam) - meditating, contemplating, brooding

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhyāyat

dhyāyat - meditating, contemplating, reflecting

Present Active Participle

From root dhyai (to meditate), 1st class.

Root: dhyai (class 1)

किम् (kim) - here used as an interrogative adverb meaning 'why' (why, what, whether)

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

मन्युः (manyuḥ) - anger, wrath, resentment

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of manyu

manyu - anger, wrath, indignation, resentment

Root: man (class 4)

ते (te) - 'your' (possessive) (your, to you, by you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of tvad

tvad - you

Enclitic pronominal form.

प्राप्ते (prāpte) - when the time has arrived (having arrived, obtained, opportune)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of prāpta

prāpta - arrived, obtained, attained, reached

Past Passive Participle

From pra-āp (to obtain, arrive).

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

काले (kāle) - at the opportune moment (in time, at the proper time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, season, opportune moment

विवर्धते (vivardhate) - intensifies (increases, grows)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of vivardh

Present tense

From vi-vṛdh (to grow, increase). Middle voice.

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)