महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-277, verse-37

मार्कण्डेय उवाच ।
एवमुक्त्वा दुहितरं तथा वृद्धांश्च मन्त्रिणः ।
व्यादिदेशानुयात्रं च गम्यतामित्यचोदयत् ॥३७॥

37. mārkaṇḍeya uvāca ,
evamuktvā duhitaraṁ tathā vṛddhāṁśca mantriṇaḥ ,
vyādideśānuyātraṁ ca gamyatāmityacodayat.

37. mārkaṇḍeyaḥ uvāca evam uktvā duhitaram tathā vṛddhān ca
mantriṇaḥ vyādideśa anuyātram ca gamyatām iti acodayat

37. Mārkaṇḍeya said: Having thus spoken to his daughter and the elderly ministers, he issued instructions and urged them, saying, 'Let the journey commence!'

Words meanings summery:

• मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, after speaking

• दुहितरम् (duhitaram) - daughter

• तथा (tathā) - and, also, similarly

• वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - old men, elders

• च (ca) - and, also

• मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers, counselors

• व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - he instructed, he commanded

• अनुयात्रम् (anuyātram) - expedition, journey, entourage

• च (ca) - and, also

• गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let it be gone, let (them) go

• इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotes)

• अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he urged, he prompted, he instigated

Words meanings and morphology

मार्कण्डेयः (mārkaṇḍeyaḥ) - Mārkaṇḍeya (name of a sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mārkaṇḍeya

mārkaṇḍeya - Mārkaṇḍeya (an ancient sage, son of Mṛkaṇḍu)

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

3rd person singular perfect active parasmaipada

Root: vac (class 2)

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said, after speaking

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root vac (to speak) + suffix ktvā. vac changes to uk before ktvā.

Root: vac (class 2)

दुहितरम् (duhitaram) - daughter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of duhitṛ

duhitṛ - daughter

तथा (tathā) - and, also, similarly

(indeclinable)

वृद्धान् (vṛddhān) - old men, elders

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, grown, expanded, wise, an elder

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛdh (to grow) + suffix kta

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मन्त्रिणः (mantriṇaḥ) - ministers, counselors

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of mantrin

mantrin - minister, counselor, one who possesses counsel

Derived from mantra (counsel) + suffix in.

व्यादिदेश (vyādideśa) - he instructed, he commanded

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vyādiś

Perfect

3rd person singular perfect active parasmaipada

Prefixes: vi+ā

Root: diś (class 6)

अनुयात्रम् (anuyātram) - expedition, journey, entourage

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of anuyātra

anuyātra - following, expedition, retinue, entourage, journey

Derived from anu-yā (to follow, go after)

Prefix: anu

Root: yā (class 2)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गम्यताम् (gamyatām) - let it be gone, let (them) go

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of gam

Imperative Passive

3rd person singular imperative passive (ātmanepada form used passively)

Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Null subject implied, perhaps the daughter and ministers.

इति (iti) - thus, so, (quotes)

(indeclinable)

अचोदयत् (acodayat) - he urged, he prompted, he instigated

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Imperfect (Causative)

3rd person singular imperfect active parasmaipada, causative form. Root cud (class 10 codayati)

Root: cud (class 10)