महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-277, verse-22

राजपुत्र्यां तु गर्भः स मालव्यां भरतर्षभ ।
व्यवर्धत यथा शुक्ले तारापतिरिवाम्बरे ॥२२॥

22. rājaputryāṁ tu garbhaḥ sa mālavyāṁ bharatarṣabha ,
vyavardhata yathā śukle tārāpatirivāmbare.

22. rājaputryām tu garbhaḥ saḥ mālavyām bharatarṣabha
| vyavardhata yathā śukle tārāpatiḥ iva ambare

22. O best of the Bharatas, that embryo grew within Princess Malavi, just as the moon waxes in the bright fortnight of the sky.

22. העובר בבת המלך המָאלַוִי גדל, הו אציל בני בְּהַרַטַה, כמו הירח בשמיים בחצי החודש הבהיר.

Words meanings summery:

• राजपुत्र्याम् (rājaputryām) - in Princess Malavi (in the princess)

• तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing continuation) (but, indeed, however)

• गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - the embryo (embryo, fetus)

• सः (saḥ) - that (same) (he, that)

• मालव्याम् (mālavyām) - in Princess Malavi (in Malavi)

• भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas (an address to Yudhishthira by Markandeya) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

• व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - grew (developed) (grew, increased, developed)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

• शुक्ले (śukle) - in the bright (fortnight) (in the bright, in the white)

• तारापतिः (tārāpatiḥ) - the moon (lord of stars, moon)

• इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

• अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky (in the sky, in the atmosphere)

Words meanings and morphology

राजपुत्र्याम् (rājaputryām) - in Princess Malavi (in the princess)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of rājaputrī

rājaputrī - princess (daughter of a king)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+putrī)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• putrī – daughter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Describes the queen as a princess by birth.

तु (tu) - indeed (emphasizing continuation) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

गर्भः (garbhaḥ) - the embryo (embryo, fetus)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of garbha

garbha - womb, embryo, fetus, interior

Note: Subject of 'vyavardhata'.

सः (saḥ) - that (same) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers back to the 'garbha' mentioned previously.

मालव्याम् (mālavyām) - in Princess Malavi (in Malavi)

(proper noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mālavī

mālavī - Malavi (name of a princess/queen, likely from the Malava kingdom)

Note: The name of the queen.

भरतर्षभ (bharatarṣabha) - O best of the Bharatas (an address to Yudhishthira by Markandeya) (O best of Bharatas, O bull among Bharatas)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bharatarṣabha

bharatarṣabha - chief of the Bharatas, best of the Bharatas

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bharata+ṛṣabha)

• bharata – a descendant of Bharata (name of an ancient king), a member of the Bharata lineage
  proper noun (masculine)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: A common epithet used to address Yudhishthira in the Mahabharata.

व्यवर्धत (vyavardhata) - grew (developed) (grew, increased, developed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (Laṅ) of vṛdh

Imperfect Middle

Root √vṛdh (1st class), Imperfect 3rd singular middle voice, with augment a- and upasarga vi-

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

शुक्ले (śukle) - in the bright (fortnight) (in the bright, in the white)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of śukla

śukla - white, bright, clear, bright fortnight

Note: Used here substantively for 'bright fortnight'.

तारापतिः (tārāpatiḥ) - the moon (lord of stars, moon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tārāpati

tārāpati - lord of stars, moon

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (tārā+pati)

• tārā – star
  noun (feminine)
• pati – lord, master, husband
  noun (masculine)

Note: The subject of the comparison.

इव (iva) - just as (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

अम्बरे (ambare) - in the sky (in the sky, in the atmosphere)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambara

ambara - sky, atmosphere, clothing

Note: Location where the moon is seen.

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