महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-246, verse-3

व्यास उवाच ।
शिलोञ्छवृत्तिर्धर्मात्मा मुद्गलः संशितव्रतः ।
आसीद्राजन्कुरुक्षेत्रे सत्यवागनसूयकः ॥३॥

3. vyāsa uvāca ,
śiloñchavṛttirdharmātmā mudgalaḥ saṁśitavrataḥ ,
āsīdrājankurukṣetre satyavāganasūyakaḥ.

3. vyāsaḥ uvāca śiloñcha-vṛttiḥ dharmātmā mudgalaḥ
saṃśita-vrataḥ āsīt rājan kurukṣetre satyavāk anasūyakaḥ

3. Vyāsa said: "O King, in Kurukṣetra, there was a man named Mudgala, whose livelihood (vṛtti) was gleaning (śiloñcha), whose soul (ātman) was devoted to natural law (dharma), who had strict vows, was truthful, and was free from envy."

Words meanings summery:

• व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (a revered sage)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• शिलोञ्छ-वृत्तिः (śiloñcha-vṛttiḥ) - Refers to Mudgala. (whose livelihood is gleaning)

• धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - Refers to Mudgala. (righteous soul, one whose soul is devoted to (dharma))

• मुद्गलः (mudgalaḥ) - The subject of the description. (Mudgala (a sage's name))

• संशित-व्रतः (saṁśita-vrataḥ) - Refers to Mudgala. (one with strict vows, one whose vows are sharpened/firm)

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, he was, existed

• राजन् (rājan) - Vocative, addressed by Vyāsa to Yudhiṣṭhira. (O King)

• कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukṣetra

• सत्यवाक् (satyavāk) - Refers to Mudgala. (truthful, speaking the truth)

• अनसूयकः (anasūyakaḥ) - Refers to Mudgala. (non-envious, not jealous, free from ill-will)

Words meanings and morphology

व्यासः (vyāsaḥ) - Vyāsa (a revered sage)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vyāsa

vyāsa - Vyāsa (name of a celebrated sage, compiler of the Vedas and author of the Mahābhārata), arrangement, division

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

शिलोञ्छ-वृत्तिः (śiloñcha-vṛttiḥ) - Refers to Mudgala. (whose livelihood is gleaning)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śiloñcha-vṛtti

śiloñcha-vṛtti - livelihood by gleaning, collecting scattered grains from harvested fields

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śila+uñcha+vṛtti)

• śila – a gleaning (of corn), collecting grains left in the field, a stone, rock
  noun (neuter)
• uñcha – gleaning, picking up grains, livelihood by gleaning
  noun (neuter)
  Root: uñch (class 6)
• vṛtti – livelihood, profession, course of conduct, mode of life, subsistence
  noun (feminine)
  derived from root vṛt (to be, to exist, to turn)
  Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: This is a compound often referring to a person whose livelihood is gleaning.

धर्मात्मा (dharmātmā) - Refers to Mudgala. (righteous soul, one whose soul is devoted to (dharma))

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharmātman

dharmātman - righteous soul, devoted to natural law, pious, virtuous, good-natured

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dharma+ātman)

• dharma – natural law, righteousness, virtue, duty, constitution, religion, justice, intrinsic nature
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• ātman – soul, self, spirit, ego, essence, nature, body, mind, intellect
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Mudgala.

मुद्गलः (mudgalaḥ) - The subject of the description. (Mudgala (a sage's name))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mudgala

mudgala - Mudgala (name of a sage, known for his gleaning livelihood), a specific type of bean

Note: This is the main noun being described by the preceding adjectives.

संशित-व्रतः (saṁśita-vrataḥ) - Refers to Mudgala. (one with strict vows, one whose vows are sharpened/firm)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃśita-vrata

saṁśita-vrata - one whose vows are firm, one who has taken strict resolutions, of firm resolve

Compound type : bahuvrihi (saṃśita+vrata)

• saṃśita – sharpened, firm, strict, resolute, refined
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  formed from root śo (to sharpen) with prefix sam and suffix -ta
  Prefix: sam
  Root: śo (class 4)
• vrata – vow, religious observance, sacred duty, resolve, command, rule
  noun (neuter)
  Root: vṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to Mudgala.

आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, he was, existed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Imperfect Active

3rd person singular

Root: as (class 2)

राजन् (rājan) - Vocative, addressed by Vyāsa to Yudhiṣṭhira. (O King)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, prince

Root: rāj (class 1)

कुरुक्षेत्रे (kurukṣetre) - in Kurukṣetra

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of kurukṣetra

kurukṣetra - Kurukṣetra (a famous plain near Delhi, the battlefield of the Mahābhārata war, considered a holy place)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+kṣetra)

• kuru – Kuru (name of an ancient king and his dynasty)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kṣetra – field, ground, land, region, holy place
  noun (neuter)
  Root: kṣi (class 1)

सत्यवाक् (satyavāk) - Refers to Mudgala. (truthful, speaking the truth)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of satyavāc

satyavāc - truthful, speaking the truth, whose words are true

Compound type : bahuvrihi (satya+vāc)

• satya – truth, true, real, sincere
  noun (neuter)
• vāc – speech, word, voice, language, Sarasvatī
  noun (feminine)
  Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Refers to Mudgala.

अनसूयकः (anasūyakaḥ) - Refers to Mudgala. (non-envious, not jealous, free from ill-will)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anasūyaka

anasūyaka - non-envious, not jealous, free from ill-will, benevolent, not blaming

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (an+asūyaka)

• an – not, non-, without
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• asūyaka – envious, jealous, censorious, blaming
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: asūy (class 10)

Note: Refers to Mudgala.