महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-246, verse-19

निराहारस्तु स मुनिरुञ्छमार्जयते पुनः ।
न चैनं विक्रियां नेतुमशकन्मुद्गलं क्षुधा ॥१९॥

19. nirāhārastu sa muniruñchamārjayate punaḥ ,
na cainaṁ vikriyāṁ netumaśakanmudgalaṁ kṣudhā.

19. nirāhāraḥ tu saḥ muniḥ uñcham ārjayate punaḥ na
ca enam vikriyām netum aśakat mudgalam kṣudhā

19. But that sage (Mudgala), remaining without food, again collected his gleanings. And hunger was unable to lead Mudgala to any change (vikriyā) in his disposition.

Words meanings summery:

• निराहारः (nirāhāraḥ) - without food, foodless, fasting

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सः (saḥ) - refers to Mudgala (that, he)

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - Mudgala the sage (sage, ascetic)

• उञ्छम् (uñcham) - the gleanings he had collected (gleaning, picking up scattered grain)

• आर्जयते (ārjayate) - gathers, earns, procures

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• एनम् (enam) - Mudgala (him, this (masc acc sg))

• विक्रियाम् (vikriyām) - any alteration in his disposition (change, alteration, perturbation, distortion)

• नेतुम् (netum) - to lead, to guide, to bring

• अशकत् (aśakat) - was not able (was able)

• मुद्गलम् (mudgalam) - Mudgala (proper name)

• क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger

Words meanings and morphology

निराहारः (nirāhāraḥ) - without food, foodless, fasting

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirāhāra

nirāhāra - without food, foodless, fasting, abstaining from food

Compound of 'nis' (without) and 'āhāra' (food)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+āhāra)

• nis – out, forth, without, negation
  indeclinable
• āhāra – food, nourishment, eating, taking
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'hṛ' (to take) with prefix 'ā'
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - refers to Mudgala (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मुनिः (muniḥ) - Mudgala the sage (sage, ascetic)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, seer, saint

उञ्छम् (uñcham) - the gleanings he had collected (gleaning, picking up scattered grain)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of uñcha

uñcha - gleaning, picking up scattered grain, mode of subsistence

आर्जयते (ārjayate) - gathers, earns, procures

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ṛj

Prefix: ā

Root: ṛj (class 1)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew, furthermore

(indeclinable)

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Mudgala (him, this (masc acc sg))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that

विक्रियाम् (vikriyām) - any alteration in his disposition (change, alteration, perturbation, distortion)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vikriyā

vikriyā - change, alteration, transformation, distortion, perturbation, agitation

From root 'kṛ' (to do) with prefix 'vi' (apart, change)

Prefix: vi

Root: kṛ (class 8)

नेतुम् (netum) - to lead, to guide, to bring

(indeclinable)

Infinitive

Formed from root 'nī' with infinitive suffix '-tum'

Root: nī (class 1)

अशकत् (aśakat) - was not able (was able)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of śak

Root: śak (class 5)

मुद्गलम् (mudgalam) - Mudgala (proper name)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mudgala

mudgala - Mudgala (name of a sage)

क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣudhā

kṣudhā - hunger, appetite