महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-246, verse-13

अभिगम्याथ तं विप्रमुवाच मुनिसत्तमः ।
अन्नार्थिनमनुप्राप्तं विद्धि मां मुनिसत्तम ॥१३॥

13. abhigamyātha taṁ vipramuvāca munisattamaḥ ,
annārthinamanuprāptaṁ viddhi māṁ munisattama.

13. abhigamya atha taṃ vipram uvāca munisattamaḥ
annārthinaṃ anuprāptaṃ viddhi māṃ munisattama

13. Then, having approached that Brahmin (vipra), the foremost among sages spoke: 'O foremost among sages, know me to be one who has arrived, seeking food.'

Words meanings summery:

• अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached, having gone to

• अथ (atha) - then, so, now, thereupon

• तं (taṁ) - that Brahmin (Mudgala) (that, him)

• विप्रम् (vipram) - Mudgala, who is a Brahmin (Brahmin, priest, learned person)

• उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

• मुनिसत्तमः (munisattamaḥ) - the sage who approached Mudgala (e.g., Durvāsā) (foremost among sages, best of ascetics)

• अन्नार्थिनं (annārthinaṁ) - one seeking food, food-seeker

• अनुप्राप्तं (anuprāptaṁ) - one who has arrived (having arrived, reached, obtained)

• विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

• मां (māṁ) - me

• मुनिसत्तम (munisattama) - O Mudgala, the approaching sage addresses Mudgala (O foremost among sages, O best of ascetics)

Words meanings and morphology

अभिगम्य (abhigamya) - having approached, having gone to

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root 'gam' (to go) + 'abhi' prefix + 'lyap' suffix

Prefix: abhi

Root: gam (class 1)

अथ (atha) - then, so, now, thereupon

(indeclinable)

तं (taṁ) - that Brahmin (Mudgala) (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विप्रम् (vipram) - Mudgala, who is a Brahmin (Brahmin, priest, learned person)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, priest, inspired, wise

From root 'vip' (to tremble, inspire)

Root: vip (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - spoke, said

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Tense

Root 'vac' (class 2) in perfect tense, 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

मुनिसत्तमः (munisattamaḥ) - the sage who approached Mudgala (e.g., Durvāsā) (foremost among sages, best of ascetics)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of munisattama

munisattama - best of sages, foremost ascetic

Compound of 'muni' (sage) and 'sattama' (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+sattama)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix 'tama' added to 'sat' (good, existing)
  Root: as (class 2)

अन्नार्थिनं (annārthinaṁ) - one seeking food, food-seeker

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of annārthin

annārthin - one desiring food, food-seeker

Compound of 'anna' (food) and 'arthin' (seeker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anna+arthin)

• anna – food, grain
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle (originally)
  From root 'ad' (to eat) + 'na' suffix
  Root: ad (class 2)
• arthin – seeker, desirous of, requesting
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'artha' (purpose, meaning) + 'in' suffix

अनुप्राप्तं (anuprāptaṁ) - one who has arrived (having arrived, reached, obtained)

(verbal derivative)

विद्धि (viddhi) - know, understand

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (lot) of vid

Imperative Mood

Root 'vid' (class 2) in imperative mood, 2nd person singular

Root: vid (class 2)

मां (māṁ) - me

(pronoun)

Accusative, singular of aham

aham - I

मुनिसत्तम (munisattama) - O Mudgala, the approaching sage addresses Mudgala (O foremost among sages, O best of ascetics)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of munisattama

munisattama - best of sages, foremost ascetic

Compound of 'muni' (sage) and 'sattama' (best)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (muni+sattama)

• muni – sage, ascetic
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent, pre-eminent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix 'tama' added to 'sat' (good, existing)
  Root: as (class 2)