महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-246, verse-12

बिभ्रच्चानियतं वेषमुन्मत्त इव पाण्डव ।
विकचः परुषा वाचो व्याहरन्विविधा मुनिः ॥१२॥

12. bibhraccāniyataṁ veṣamunmatta iva pāṇḍava ,
vikacaḥ paruṣā vāco vyāharanvividhā muniḥ.

12. bibhrat ca aniyataṃ veṣam unmattaḥ iva pāṇḍava
vikacaḥ paruṣāḥ vācaḥ vyāharan vividhāḥ muniḥ

12. O Pāṇḍava, the sage, adopting an unconventional appearance as if insane, was disheveled and spoke various harsh words.

Words meanings summery:

• बिभ्रत् (bibhrat) - bearing, carrying, wearing, maintaining

• च (ca) - and, also, moreover

• अनियतं (aniyataṁ) - unregulated, unrestrained, unconventional, unconstrained

• वेषम् (veṣam) - appearance, dress, guise, disguise

• उन्मत्तः (unmattaḥ) - mad, insane, intoxicated, frantic

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as, in the manner of

• पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Arjuna (or Yudhishthira), the narrator addresses one of the Pāṇḍavas. (O son of Pāṇḍu)

• विकचः (vikacaḥ) - referring to the sage's unkempt appearance (unkempt, disheveled, hairless)

• परुषाः (paruṣāḥ) - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

• वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speech, voice

• व्याहरन् (vyāharan) - uttering, speaking, pronouncing

• विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various, diverse, manifold

• मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, hermit

Words meanings and morphology

बिभ्रत् (bibhrat) - bearing, carrying, wearing, maintaining

(verbal derivative)

च (ca) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

अनियतं (aniyataṁ) - unregulated, unrestrained, unconventional, unconstrained

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aniyata

aniyata - unregulated, unrestrained, not fixed, unconventional

Negative prefix 'a' + past passive participle 'niyata' (from root 'yam')

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+niyata)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• niyata – regulated, restrained, fixed, controlled
  verbal derivative (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Root 'yam' + 'ni' prefix + 'kta' suffix
  Prefix: ni
  Root: yam (class 1)

वेषम् (veṣam) - appearance, dress, guise, disguise

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of veṣa

veṣa - dress, garment, costume, outward appearance, guise

From root 'viś' (to enter) with suffix 'a'

Root: viś (class 6)

उन्मत्तः (unmattaḥ) - mad, insane, intoxicated, frantic

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of unmatta

unmatta - mad, insane, intoxicated, frantic, wild

Past Passive Participle

Root 'mad' (to be intoxicated) + 'ut' prefix + 'kta' suffix

Prefix: ut

Root: mad (class 4)

इव (iva) - like, as if, as, in the manner of

(indeclinable)

पाण्डव (pāṇḍava) - O Arjuna (or Yudhishthira), the narrator addresses one of the Pāṇḍavas. (O son of Pāṇḍu)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pāṇḍu, son of Pāṇḍu

From Pāṇḍu + a (patronymic suffix)

विकचः (vikacaḥ) - referring to the sage's unkempt appearance (unkempt, disheveled, hairless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vikaca

vikaca - hairless, bald, disheveled, unkempt

Prefix 'vi' (without) + 'kaca' (hair)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (vi+kaca)

• vi – without, apart, away
  indeclinable
  Prefix indicating separation or negation
• kaca – hair
  noun (masculine)

परुषाः (paruṣāḥ) - harsh, rough, cruel, severe

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paruṣa

paruṣa - harsh, rough, rude, severe, cruel

वाचः (vācaḥ) - words, speech, voice

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vāc

vāc - speech, word, voice, language

From root 'vac'

Root: vac (class 2)

व्याहरन् (vyāharan) - uttering, speaking, pronouncing

(verbal derivative)

विविधाः (vividhāḥ) - various, diverse, manifold

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold, of different kinds

From 'vi' + 'vidha' (kind)

मुनिः (muniḥ) - sage, ascetic, hermit

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of muni

muni - sage, ascetic, hermit, one who is silent and meditative