महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-110, verse-6

युधिष्ठिर उवाच ।
ऋश्यशृङ्गः कथं मृग्यामुत्पन्नः काश्यपात्मजः ।
विरुद्धे योनिसंसर्गे कथं च तपसा युतः ॥६॥

6. yudhiṣṭhira uvāca ,
ṛśyaśṛṅgaḥ kathaṁ mṛgyāmutpannaḥ kāśyapātmajaḥ ,
viruddhe yonisaṁsarge kathaṁ ca tapasā yutaḥ.

6. yudhiṣṭhiraḥ uvāca ṛśyaśṛṅgaḥ katham mṛgyām utpannaḥ
kāśyapātmajaḥ viruddhe yonisaṃsarge katham ca tapasā yutaḥ

6. Yudhishthira said: 'How was Rishyashringa, the son of Kashyapa, born from a doe? And how was he endowed with spiritual austerity (tapas), given such an unconventional origin (yoni-saṃsarga)?'

Words meanings summery:

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest Pandava brother, asking the question. (Yudhishthira (proper noun))

• उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira said (he said, he spoke)

• ऋश्यशृङ्गः (ṛśyaśṛṅgaḥ) - The sage Rishyashringa. (Rishyashringa (proper noun))

• कथम् (katham) - how (questioning the manner) (how, why, in what way)

• मृग्याम् (mṛgyām) - born from a female deer (in a doe, in a female deer)

• उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - born (from the doe) (born, produced, arisen)

• काश्यपात्मजः (kāśyapātmajaḥ) - Rishyashringa, who is the son of Kashyapa (son of Kashyapa)

• विरुद्धे (viruddhe) - in such a contradictory/improper (origin) (in the contradictory, in the improper, in the opposing)

• योनिसंसर्गे (yonisaṁsarge) - in such an unconventional origin/procreative union (in the union of origins, in the sexual union, in the place of birth)

• कथम् (katham) - how (questioning the manner) (how, why, in what way)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तपसा (tapasā) - by spiritual austerity (tapas) (by austerity (tapas), by penance)

• युतः (yutaḥ) - endowed with (tapas) (endowed with, joined with, possessed of)

Words meanings and morphology

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest Pandava brother, asking the question. (Yudhishthira (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhishthira (proper noun), steady in battle, firm in war

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm).

Compound type : aluk tatpurusha (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle, in war
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of yudh (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - Yudhishthira said (he said, he spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (Lit) of vac

Reduplicated Perfect

Third person singular, active voice.

Root: vac (class 2)

ऋश्यशृङ्गः (ṛśyaśṛṅgaḥ) - The sage Rishyashringa. (Rishyashringa (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛśyaśṛṅga

ṛśyaśṛṅga - Rishyashringa (proper noun), 'deer-horned'

Compound: ṛśya (a kind of deer) + śṛṅga (horn).

Compound type : bahuvrihi (ṛśya+śṛṅga)

• ṛśya – a kind of antelope/deer
  noun (masculine)
• śṛṅga – horn, peak, summit
  noun (neuter)

कथम् (katham) - how (questioning the manner) (how, why, in what way)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

मृग्याम् (mṛgyām) - born from a female deer (in a doe, in a female deer)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of mṛgī

mṛgī - female deer, doe

Feminine form of mṛga (deer).

उत्पन्नः (utpannaḥ) - born (from the doe) (born, produced, arisen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of utpanna

utpanna - born, produced, originated, arisen

Past Passive Participle

From verb ud-pad (to arise, to be produced). Past Passive Participle form.

Prefix: ud

Root: pad (class 4)

काश्यपात्मजः (kāśyapātmajaḥ) - Rishyashringa, who is the son of Kashyapa (son of Kashyapa)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāśyapātmaja

kāśyapātmaja - son of Kashyapa

Compound: kāśyapa (Kashyapa) + ātmaja (son, born of oneself).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kāśyapa+ātmaja)

• kāśyapa – Kashyapa (proper noun), descendant of Kashyapa
  proper noun (masculine)
• ātmaja – son, daughter, born of oneself
  noun (masculine)
  From ātman (self) + ja (born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

विरुद्धे (viruddhe) - in such a contradictory/improper (origin) (in the contradictory, in the improper, in the opposing)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of viruddha

viruddha - opposed, contradictory, improper, hostile

Past Passive Participle

From verb vi-rudh (to obstruct, oppose).

Prefix: vi

Root: rudh (class 7)

योनिसंसर्गे (yonisaṁsarge) - in such an unconventional origin/procreative union (in the union of origins, in the sexual union, in the place of birth)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yonisaṃsarga

yonisaṁsarga - sexual union, origin, place of birth, intercourse

Compound: yoni (womb, origin) + saṃsarga (contact, union).

Compound type : tatpurusha (yoni+saṃsarga)

• yoni – womb, source, origin, birth, race
  noun (feminine)
• saṃsarga – contact, union, association, intercourse
  noun (masculine)
  From saṃ-sṛj (to unite, to come into contact).
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sṛj (class 6)

कथम् (katham) - how (questioning the manner) (how, why, in what way)

(indeclinable)

Interrogative adverb.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction.

तपसा (tapasā) - by spiritual austerity (tapas) (by austerity (tapas), by penance)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - spiritual austerity, penance, heat, religious fervor

Root: tap (class 1)

युतः (yutaḥ) - endowed with (tapas) (endowed with, joined with, possessed of)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuta

yuta - joined, united, endowed with, possessed of

Past Passive Participle

From root yuj (to join, to connect).

Root: yuj (class 7)