महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-110, verse-21

पुरोहितापचाराच्च तस्य राज्ञो यदृच्छया ।
न ववर्ष सहस्राक्षस्ततोऽपीड्यन्त वै प्रजाः ॥२१॥

21. purohitāpacārācca tasya rājño yadṛcchayā ,
na vavarṣa sahasrākṣastato'pīḍyanta vai prajāḥ.

21. purohitāpacārāt ca tasya rājñaḥ yadṛcchayā na
vavarṣa sahasrākṣaḥ tataḥ apīḍyanta vai prajāḥ

21. Due to an offense committed against his priest by that king, the thousand-eyed (Indra), by chance, did not cause rain. Consequently, the subjects were indeed greatly distressed.

Words meanings summery:

• पुरोहितापचारात् (purohitāpacārāt) - due to the king's offense against his chief priest (due to an offense against the priest, due to disrespect to the priest)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (king) (of him, of that)

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

• यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance (by chance, arbitrarily, spontaneously)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• ववर्ष (vavarṣa) - caused rain (referring to Indra) (rained, caused rain)

• सहस्राक्षः (sahasrākṣaḥ) - Indra (thousand-eyed (epithet of Indra))

• ततः (tataḥ) - consequently (thereupon, then, therefore, from that)

• अपीड्यन्त (apīḍyanta) - were greatly distressed (were tormented, were distressed, were afflicted)

• वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

• प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the subjects (subjects, people, offspring)

Words meanings and morphology

पुरोहितापचारात् (purohitāpacārāt) - due to the king's offense against his chief priest (due to an offense against the priest, due to disrespect to the priest)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of purohitāpacāra

purohitāpacāra - offense against a priest, disrespect towards a priest

Compound type : tatpurusha (purohita+apacāra)

• purohita – priest, chaplain, one placed in front
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: puras
• apacāra – offense, disrespect, misconduct, deviation
  noun (masculine)
  from apa + car
  Prefix: apa
  Root: car (class 1)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - of that (king) (of him, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Root: rāj (class 1)

यदृच्छया (yadṛcchayā) - by chance (by chance, arbitrarily, spontaneously)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of yadṛcchā

yadṛcchā - chance, spontaneity, arbitrary will, own will

from yad + ṛcch

Root: ṛcch (class 6)

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

ववर्ष (vavarṣa) - caused rain (referring to Indra) (rained, caused rain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vṛṣ

perfect tense

reduplicated perfect, 3rd person singular active

Root: vṛṣ (class 1)

सहस्राक्षः (sahasrākṣaḥ) - Indra (thousand-eyed (epithet of Indra))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sahasrākṣa

sahasrākṣa - thousand-eyed, Indra

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sahasra+akṣi)

• sahasra – thousand
  numeral/noun (neuter)
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)
  Root: akṣ

ततः (tataḥ) - consequently (thereupon, then, therefore, from that)

(indeclinable)

adverbial ending from tad

अपीड्यन्त (apīḍyanta) - were greatly distressed (were tormented, were distressed, were afflicted)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, imperfect (laṅ) of pīḍ

imperfect tense

imperfect, 3rd person plural passive

Root: pīḍ (class 10)

वै (vai) - indeed (indeed, certainly, surely)

(indeclinable)

प्रजाः (prajāḥ) - the subjects (subjects, people, offspring)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of prajā

prajā - offspring, progeny, people, subjects, creation

Prefix: pra

Root: jan (class 4)