महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-62, verse-8

किं त्वतः कृपणं भूयो यदहं स्त्री सती शुभा ।
सभामध्यं विगाहेऽद्य क्व नु धर्मो महीक्षिताम् ॥८॥

8. kiṁ tvataḥ kṛpaṇaṁ bhūyo yadahaṁ strī satī śubhā ,
sabhāmadhyaṁ vigāhe'dya kva nu dharmo mahīkṣitām.

8. kim tu ataḥ kṛpaṇam bhūyaḥ yat aham strī satī śubhā
| sabhāmadhyam vigāhe adya kva nu dharmaḥ mahīkṣitām

8. But what could be more pitiable than this, that I, a pure woman, am made to enter the midst of this assembly today? Where then is the natural law (dharma) of kings?

Words meanings summery:

• किम् (kim) - what, why

• तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

• अतः (ataḥ) - than this, hence, therefore

• कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - pitiable, wretched, miserable

• भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more, again, further

• यत् (yat) - that, which

• अहम् (aham) - I

• स्त्री (strī) - woman, female

• सती (satī) - being, existing, virtuous

• शुभा (śubhā) - pure, auspicious, beautiful

• सभामध्यम् (sabhāmadhyam) - the middle of the assembly

• विगाहे (vigāhe) - I enter, I plunge into

• अद्य (adya) - today

• क्व (kva) - where?

• नु (nu) - then, now, indeed

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

• महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - of kings, of rulers

Words meanings and morphology

किम् (kim) - what, why

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why, whether

तु (tu) - but, on the other hand

(indeclinable)

अतः (ataḥ) - than this, hence, therefore

(indeclinable)

कृपणम् (kṛpaṇam) - pitiable, wretched, miserable

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kṛpaṇa

kṛpaṇa - pitiable, wretched, miserable, poor, stingy

भूयः (bhūyaḥ) - more, again, further

(indeclinable)

यत् (yat) - that, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yat

yat - which, that, because, since

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I, we

स्त्री (strī) - woman, female

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of strī

strī - woman, female

सती (satī) - being, existing, virtuous

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real, true

Present Active Participle

from root as (to be)

Root: as (class 2)

शुभा (śubhā) - pure, auspicious, beautiful

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of śubhā

śubhā - pure, auspicious, beautiful, bright, radiant

सभामध्यम् (sabhāmadhyam) - the middle of the assembly

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sabhāmadhya

sabhāmadhya - middle of the assembly, center of the hall

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sabhā+madhya)

• sabhā – assembly, council, court
  noun (feminine)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)

विगाहे (vigāhe) - I enter, I plunge into

(verb)

1st person , singular, middle, present indicative (laṭ) of gāh

Prefix: vi

Root: gāh (class 1)

अद्य (adya) - today

(indeclinable)

क्व (kva) - where?

(indeclinable)

नु (nu) - then, now, indeed

(indeclinable)

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, righteousness, duty, virtue, intrinsic nature, constitution, religion

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

महीक्षिताम् (mahīkṣitām) - of kings, of rulers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mahīkṣit

mahīkṣit - king, ruler (one who rules the earth)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+kṣit)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• kṣit – ruler, dwelling, earth
  noun (masculine)
  From root kṣi (to rule, to dwell)
  Root: kṣi (class 5)