महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-62, verse-20

एते द्रोणादयश्चैव वृद्धा धर्मविदो जनाः ।
शून्यैः शरीरैस्तिष्ठन्ति गतासव इवानताः ॥२०॥

20. ete droṇādayaścaiva vṛddhā dharmavido janāḥ ,
śūnyaiḥ śarīraistiṣṭhanti gatāsava ivānatāḥ.

20. ete droṇādayaḥ ca eva vṛddhāḥ dharmavidaḥ janāḥ
śūnyaiḥ śarīraiḥ tiṣṭhanti gatāsavaḥ iva ānatāḥ

20. These Drona and others, venerable people who understand natural law (dharma), stand here with bodies devoid of spirit, as if lifeless and bowed down.

Words meanings summery:

• एते (ete) - these

• द्रोणादयः (droṇādayaḥ) - Drona and others, beginning with Drona

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• वृद्धाः (vṛddhāḥ) - old, venerable, grown

• धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of natural law, constitutional experts

• जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

• शून्यैः (śūnyaiḥ) - empty, void, devoid of

• शरीरैः (śarīraiḥ) - by bodies, with bodies

• तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they remain, they are

• गतासवः (gatāsavaḥ) - whose life-breath has departed, lifeless, breathless

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

• आनताः (ānatāḥ) - bowed, bent, humble

Words meanings and morphology

एते (ete) - these

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of etat

etat - this, that

Note: masculine nominative plural of 'etat'

द्रोणादयः (droṇādayaḥ) - Drona and others, beginning with Drona

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (droṇa+ādi)

• droṇa – Drona (a proper name); a measure of grain
  proper noun (masculine)
• ādi – beginning, etcetera, and others
  noun (masculine)

Note: nominative plural of 'droṇādi'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

वृद्धाः (vṛddhāḥ) - old, venerable, grown

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vṛddha

vṛddha - old, aged, venerable, grown

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'vṛdh' (to grow, increase)

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: nominative plural masculine of 'vṛddha'

धर्मविदः (dharmavidaḥ) - knowers of natural law, constitutional experts

(compound noun)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+vid)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
• vid – knower, understanding
  noun (masculine)
  derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: nominative plural of 'dharmavid'

जनाः (janāḥ) - people, persons

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jana

jana - person, people, man, creature

Note: nominative plural of 'jana'

शून्यैः (śūnyaiḥ) - empty, void, devoid of

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śūnya

śūnya - empty, void, hollow, devoid of, absent

Note: instrumental plural masculine of 'śūnya' (agreeing with śarīraiḥ)

शरीरैः (śarīraiḥ) - by bodies, with bodies

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śarīra

śarīra - body

Note: instrumental plural of 'śarīra'

तिष्ठन्ति (tiṣṭhanti) - they stand, they remain, they are

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of sthā

Present Active

root 'sthā' in the 1st conjugation class, Parasmaipada

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: 3rd person plural present active of root 'sthā'

गतासवः (gatāsavaḥ) - whose life-breath has departed, lifeless, breathless

(compound adjective)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  derived from root 'gam' (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life, vital air
  noun (masculine)

Note: nominative plural masculine of 'gatāsu'

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)

आनताः (ānatāḥ) - bowed, bent, humble

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ānata

ānata - bowed, bent, humble, saluting

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'nam' (to bow) with prefix 'ā'

Prefix: ā

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: nominative plural masculine of 'ānata'