महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-2, chapter-62, verse-15

बलवांस्तु यथा धर्मं लोके पश्यति पूरुषः ।
स धर्मो धर्मवेलायां भवत्यभिहितः परैः ॥१५॥

15. balavāṁstu yathā dharmaṁ loke paśyati pūruṣaḥ ,
sa dharmo dharmavelāyāṁ bhavatyabhihitaḥ paraiḥ.

15. balavān tu yathā dharmam loke paśyati pūruṣaḥ saḥ
dharmaḥ dharmavelāyām bhavati abhihitaḥ paraiḥ

15. But, how a powerful person (puruṣa) in the world perceives natural law (dharma)—that very natural law (dharma) becomes declared by others at the crucial time for natural law (dharma).

Words meanings summery:

• बलवान् (balavān) - a powerful person (powerful, strong, mighty)

• तु (tu) - but (introducing a contrast or new point) (but, indeed, yet)

• यथा (yathā) - as, how (as, just as, how)

• धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness)

• लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, in the realm)

• पश्यति (paśyati) - perceives (sees, perceives, looks)

• पूरुषः (pūruṣaḥ) - a person (puruṣa) (man, person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa))

• सः (saḥ) - that (referring to `dharma`) (that, he)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - that very natural law (dharma) (natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness)

• धर्मवेलायाम् (dharmavelāyām) - at the crucial time for natural law (dharma) (at the time of dharma, at the appropriate time for duty)

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)

• अभिहितः (abhihitaḥ) - declared (stated, declared, taught, spoken)

• परैः (paraiḥ) - by others (by others, by enemies, by superior ones)

Words meanings and morphology

बलवान् (balavān) - a powerful person (powerful, strong, mighty)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - powerful, strong, mighty, having strength

Possessive suffix `vat`

Derived from `bala` (strength) + suffix `vat`.

Note: Qualifies `pūruṣaḥ`.

तु (tu) - but (introducing a contrast or new point) (but, indeed, yet)

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - as, how (as, just as, how)

(indeclinable)

धर्मम् (dharmam) - natural law (dharma) (natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, moral order

From root dhṛ (to uphold, to sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Object of `paśyati`.

लोके (loke) - in the world (in the world, in the realm)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, common practice

पश्यति (paśyati) - perceives (sees, perceives, looks)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Conjugated verb, present tense, 3rd person singular, 1st class (bhvādi), root `dṛś` assumes stem `paśya-`.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

पूरुषः (pūruṣaḥ) - a person (puruṣa) (man, person, human being, the cosmic person (puruṣa))

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pūruṣa

pūruṣa - man, person, human being, individual, the cosmic person, soul (puruṣa)

सः (saḥ) - that (referring to `dharma`) (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the `dharma` perceived by the powerful person.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - that very natural law (dharma) (natural law (dharma), duty, righteousness)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, moral order

From root dhṛ (to uphold, to sustain).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Repeated from earlier, for emphasis.

धर्मवेलायाम् (dharmavelāyām) - at the crucial time for natural law (dharma) (at the time of dharma, at the appropriate time for duty)

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of dharmavelā

dharmavelā - time of dharma, suitable time for duty/righteousness

Compound of dharma (natural law) and velā (time).

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+velā)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, moral order
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhṛ (to uphold, to sustain).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• velā – time, season, limit, opportunity
  noun (feminine)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes (becomes, is, exists)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Conjugated verb, present tense, 3rd person singular, 1st class (bhvādi).

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Connects the subject `dharmaḥ` with the predicate `abhihitaḥ`.

अभिहितः (abhihitaḥ) - declared (stated, declared, taught, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of abhihita

abhihita - stated, declared, spoken, named, indicated

Past Passive Participle

Prefix `abhi` + root `dhā` (to place, here to speak/declare), `hita` is PPP of `dhā`.

Compound type : pradi-samāsa (abhi+hita)

• abhi – towards, to, over, upon, regarding
  indeclinable
• hita – placed, put, established, taught
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  Derived from root dhā (to place, hold).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective with `bhavati`.

परैः (paraiḥ) - by others (by others, by enemies, by superior ones)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, different, superior, subsequent, enemy

Note: Agent of `abhihitaḥ`.