महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-17, chapter-3, verse-30

राज्ञस्तु वचनं श्रुत्वा देवराजः पुरंदरः ।
आनृशंस्यसमायुक्तं प्रत्युवाच युधिष्ठिरम् ॥३०॥

30. rājñastu vacanaṁ śrutvā devarājaḥ puraṁdaraḥ ,
ānṛśaṁsyasamāyuktaṁ pratyuvāca yudhiṣṭhiram.

30. rājñaḥ tu vacanam śrutvā devarājaḥ purandaraḥ
ānṛśaṃsyasamāyuktam pratyuvāca yudhiṣṭhiram

30. rājñaḥ vacanam śrutvā,
ānṛśaṃsyasamāyuktam devarājaḥ purandaraḥ yudhiṣṭhiram pratyuvāca

30. Having heard the words of the king, the chief of the gods (devarāja), Purandara (Indra), filled with compassion, replied to Yudhiṣṭhira.

Words meanings summery:

• राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (of the king, from the king)

• तु (tu) - but, and (introduces a new statement) (but, and, indeed)

• वचनम् (vacanam) - the speech or statement made by Yudhiṣṭhira (word, speech, saying, command)

• श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (Yudhiṣṭhira's words) (having heard, after hearing)

• देवराजः (devarājaḥ) - Indra, the chief of the gods (king of gods, Indra)

• पुरन्दरः (purandaraḥ) - Indra (destroyer of cities (epithet of Indra))

• आनृशंस्यसमायुक्तम् (ānṛśaṁsyasamāyuktam) - filled with compassion (endowed with kindness/compassion, gentle)

• प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied (to Yudhiṣṭhira) (replied, answered)

• युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

Words meanings and morphology

राज्ञः (rājñaḥ) - of the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) (of the king, from the king)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

Root: rāj

Note: Genitive singular of rājan.

तु (tu) - but, and (introduces a new statement) (but, and, indeed)

(indeclinable)

Particle expressing contrast or continuation.

Note: Post-positional particle.

वचनम् (vacanam) - the speech or statement made by Yudhiṣṭhira (word, speech, saying, command)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacana

vacana - speech, word, saying, statement, command

From root vac "to speak" + ana suffix.

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular, object of śrutvā.

श्रुत्वा (śrutvā) - after hearing (Yudhiṣṭhira's words) (having heard, after hearing)

(indeclinable)

gerund/absolutive

Formed from root śru (class 5) + tvā suffix.

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb.

देवराजः (devarājaḥ) - Indra, the chief of the gods (king of gods, Indra)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of devarāja

devarāja - king of gods, Indra

Compound of deva (god) and rāja (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (deva+rājan)

• deva – god, deity, divine
  noun (masculine)
  Root: div (class 4)
• rājan – king, sovereign
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj

Note: Nominative singular, subject of pratyuvāca.

पुरन्दरः (purandaraḥ) - Indra (destroyer of cities (epithet of Indra))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of purandara

purandara - destroyer of cities, Indra (as an epithet)

Compound of pura (city) and dara (breaking/destroying, from dṛ 'to tear').

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pura+dara)

• pura – city, stronghold
  noun (neuter)
• dara – splitting, tearing, causing fear
  adjective (masculine)
  From root dṛ (to tear, split)
  Root: dṛ (class 6)

Note: Epithet of Indra, agreeing with devarājaḥ.

आनृशंस्यसमायुक्तम् (ānṛśaṁsyasamāyuktam) - filled with compassion (endowed with kindness/compassion, gentle)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ānṛśaṃsyasamāyukta

ānṛśaṁsyasamāyukta - endowed with kindness/compassion, characterized by absence of cruelty

Compound. ānṛśaṃsya (kindness/compassion) + samāyukta (endowed with, joined).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ānṛśaṃsya+samāyukta)

• ānṛśaṃsya – kindness, compassion, absence of cruelty, benevolence
  noun (neuter)
  From an-ṛśaṃsa (not cruel) + ya (nominalizing suffix).
• samāyukta – joined, connected, endowed with, possessed of
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From prefix sam-ā + root yuj 'to join'.
  Prefixes: sam+ā
  Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Adjective agreeing with devarājaḥ.

प्रत्युवाच (pratyuvāca) - replied (to Yudhiṣṭhira) (replied, answered)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of prati + vac

perfect active

Root vac (class 2) with prefix prati. reduplicated form (uvāca is the perfect of vac).

Prefix: prati

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Third person singular perfect active.

युधिष्ठिरम् (yudhiṣṭhiram) - to Yudhiṣṭhira (Yudhiṣṭhira (proper name))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound: yudhi (in battle) + sthira (firm). "Firm in battle."

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (yudh+sthira)

• yudh – battle, war, fight
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yudh (class 4)
• sthira – firm, steady, stable, resolute
  adjective (masculine)
  From root sthā (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, object of pratyuvāca (implicitly, as the recipient of speech).