महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-17, chapter-3, verse-2

स भ्रातॄन्पतितान्दृष्ट्वा धर्मराजो युधिष्ठिरः ।
अब्रवीच्छोकसंतप्तः सहस्राक्षमिदं वचः ॥२॥

2. sa bhrātṝnpatitāndṛṣṭvā dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ ,
abravīcchokasaṁtaptaḥ sahasrākṣamidaṁ vacaḥ.

2. sa bhrātṝn patitān dṛṣṭvā dharma-rājaḥ yudhiṣṭhiraḥ
abravīt śoka-saṃtaptaḥ sahasrākṣam idam vacaḥ

2. sa bhrātṝn patitān dṛṣṭvā śoka-saṃtaptaḥ dharma-rājaḥ
yudhiṣṭhiraḥ sahasrākṣam idam vacaḥ abravīt

2. Seeing his brothers fallen, King Yudhiṣṭhira, the upholder of natural law (dharma), overwhelmed by sorrow, spoke these words to Sahasrākṣa (Indra).

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - his brothers (Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva) (brothers)

• पतितान् (patitān) - fallen on the ground (dead or unconscious) (fallen, collapsed)

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after seeing his brothers fallen (having seen, seeing)

• धर्म-राजः (dharma-rājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, known for his righteousness and adherence to (dharma) (king of natural law (dharma), righteous king)

• युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest Pāṇḍava brother (Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava))

• अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Yudhiṣṭhira said this to Indra (he said, spoke)

• शोक-संतप्तः (śoka-saṁtaptaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira's mental state after seeing his brothers fallen (afflicted by sorrow, distressed by grief)

• सहस्राक्षम् (sahasrākṣam) - Referring to Indra, the recipient of Yudhiṣṭhira's words (thousand-eyed (epithet of Indra))

• इदम् (idam) - these (following) words (these, this)

• वचः (vacaḥ) - the speech Yudhiṣṭhira uttered (word, speech)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Yudhiṣṭhira) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - his brothers (Bhīma, Arjuna, Nakula, Sahadeva) (brothers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

पतितान् (patitān) - fallen on the ground (dead or unconscious) (fallen, collapsed)

(participle)

Accusative, masculine, plural of patita

patita - fallen, dropped, descended

past passive participle

From root pat (to fall).

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Agrees with bhrātṝn.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - after seeing his brothers fallen (having seen, seeing)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

From root dṛś (to see) + suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

धर्म-राजः (dharma-rājaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira, known for his righteousness and adherence to (dharma) (king of natural law (dharma), righteous king)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma-rāja

dharma-rāja - king of (dharma), righteous king

Compound type : tatpurusha (dharma+rājan)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, righteousness, duty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  Root: rāj (class 1)

Note: Appositional to Yudhiṣṭhira.

युधिष्ठिरः (yudhiṣṭhiraḥ) - The eldest Pāṇḍava brother (Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - Yudhiṣṭhira (steady in battle)

Compound 'yudhi-sthira', one who is steady in battle.

अब्रवीत् (abravīt) - Yudhiṣṭhira said this to Indra (he said, spoke)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect past (laṅ) of brū

imperfect active indicative 3rd singular

From root brū (to speak). Augment 'a' for imperfect.

Root: brū (class 2)

शोक-संतप्तः (śoka-saṁtaptaḥ) - Yudhiṣṭhira's mental state after seeing his brothers fallen (afflicted by sorrow, distressed by grief)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śoka-saṃtapta

śoka-saṁtapta - afflicted by sorrow, distressed by grief

Compound type : tatpurusha (śoka+saṃtapta)

• śoka – sorrow, grief, lamentation
  noun (masculine)
  From root śuc (to grieve).
  Root: śuc (class 1)
• saṃtapta – afflicted, distressed, heated
  participle (masculine)
  past passive participle
  From root tap (to heat, distress) with prefix sam.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Yudhiṣṭhira.

सहस्राक्षम् (sahasrākṣam) - Referring to Indra, the recipient of Yudhiṣṭhira's words (thousand-eyed (epithet of Indra))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sahasrākṣa

sahasrākṣa - thousand-eyed (epithet of Indra)

Compound 'sahasra-akṣa'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sahasra+akṣi)

• sahasra – a thousand
  numeral (neuter)
• akṣi – eye
  noun (neuter)

इदम् (idam) - these (following) words (these, this)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, these

Note: Agrees with vacaḥ.

वचः (vacaḥ) - the speech Yudhiṣṭhira uttered (word, speech)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vacas

vacas - word, speech, utterance

From root vac (to speak).

Root: vac (class 2)