महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-17, chapter-3, verse-24

स तं रथं समास्थाय राजा कुरुकुलोद्वहः ।
ऊर्ध्वमाचक्रमे शीघ्रं तेजसावृत्य रोदसी ॥२४॥

24. sa taṁ rathaṁ samāsthāya rājā kurukulodvahaḥ ,
ūrdhvamācakrame śīghraṁ tejasāvṛtya rodasī.

24. saḥ tam ratham samāsthāya rājā kurukulodvahaḥ
ūrdhvam ācakrame śīghram tejasā āvṛtya rodasī

24. Having mounted that chariot, he, the king, the upholder of the Kuru lineage, quickly ascended upwards, enveloping both heaven and earth with his splendor.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. (he, that)

• तम् (tam) - that

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

• समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended

• राजा (rājā) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, the king. (king, ruler)

• कुरुकुलोद्वहः (kurukulodvahaḥ) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. (upholder of the Kuru race/lineage)

• ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, aloft

• आचक्रमे (ācakrame) - he ascended, he went forth

• शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, speedily

• तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor, with radiance, by power

• आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having enveloped, having covered

• रोदसी (rodasī) - heaven and earth (dual)

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car, vehicle

समास्थाय (samāsthāya) - having mounted, having ascended

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefixes 'sam' and 'ā' and suffix '-ya' for absolutive.

Prefixes: sam+ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

राजा (rājā) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira, the king. (king, ruler)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, sovereign, ruler

कुरुकुलोद्वहः (kurukulodvahaḥ) - Refers to Yudhiṣṭhira. (upholder of the Kuru race/lineage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kurukulodvaha

kurukulodvaha - bearer/upholder of the Kuru family/lineage

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kuru+kula+udvaha)

• kuru – Kuru (an ancient king, or his descendants)
  proper noun (masculine)
• kula – family, lineage, race, clan
  noun (neuter)
• udvaha – carrying, bearing, supporting, bringing forth
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun from ud-vah
  From root vah (to carry) with prefix ud.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: vah (class 1)

ऊर्ध्वम् (ūrdhvam) - upwards, aloft

(indeclinable)

आचक्रमे (ācakrame) - he ascended, he went forth

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of ā-kram

Perfect middle, 3rd person singular

Reduplicated perfect form of root 'kram' with prefix 'ā'.

Prefix: ā

Root: kram (class 1)

शीघ्रम् (śīghram) - quickly, speedily

(indeclinable)

तेजसा (tejasā) - by splendor, with radiance, by power

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tejas

tejas - sharpness, brilliance, splendor, radiance, energy, power, spiritual power

From root tij (to be sharp).

Root: tij (class 6)

आवृत्य (āvṛtya) - having enveloped, having covered

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'vṛ' (to cover, enclose) with prefix 'ā' and suffix '-ya' for absolutive.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

रोदसी (rodasī) - heaven and earth (dual)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, dual of rodas

rodas - heaven and earth (usually in dual)