महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-17, chapter-3, verse-13

त्यक्त्वा भ्रातॄन्दयितां चापि कृष्णां प्राप्तो लोकः कर्मणा स्वेन वीर ।
श्वानं चैनं न त्यजसे कथं नु त्यागं कृत्स्नं चास्थितो मुह्यसेऽद्य ॥१३॥

13. tyaktvā bhrātṝndayitāṁ cāpi kṛṣṇāṁ; prāpto lokaḥ karmaṇā svena vīra ,
śvānaṁ cainaṁ na tyajase kathaṁ nu; tyāgaṁ kṛtsnaṁ cāsthito muhyase'dya.

13. tyaktvā bhrātṝn dayitām ca api kṛṣṇām
prāptaḥ lokaḥ karmaṇā svena vīra
śvānam ca enam na tyajase katham nu
tyāgam kṛtsnam ca āsthitaḥ muhyase adya

13. vīra bhrātṝn dayitām ca api kṛṣṇām
tyaktvā svena karmaṇā lokaḥ prāptaḥ
ca enam śvānam katham na tyajase nu
kṛtsnam tyāgam āsthitaḥ adya muhyase

13. O hero, having abandoned your brothers and even your beloved Krishnaa (Draupadi), you achieved your goal (loka) by your own deeds (karma). Why, then, having embraced complete renunciation (tyāga), do you not forsake this dog? And why are you bewildered now?

Words meanings summery:

• त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having forsaken)

• भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

• दयिताम् (dayitām) - beloved (wife) (beloved, dear one)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

• कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Krishnaa (Draupadi) (Draupadi (lit. 'dark-colored one'))

• प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained (heaven/goal) (attained, reached, obtained)

• लोकः (lokaḥ) - desired world, heavenly realm, goal (world, realm, people, heaven)

• कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by your own deeds (by action, by deed, by ritual)

• स्वेन (svena) - by your own (by one's own)

• वीर (vīra) - O hero! (addressing Yudhishthira) (O hero! O brave one!)

• श्वानम् (śvānam) - this dog (dog)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एनम् (enam) - this (dog) (this, him)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• त्यजसे (tyajase) - you do not abandon (you abandon, you forsake)

• कथम् (katham) - why (how, why)

• नु (nu) - now, then (indeed, now, then)

• त्यागम् (tyāgam) - renunciation (tyāga) (abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice)

• कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - complete (complete, entire, whole)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having embraced, standing firm in (resorted to, established in, standing firm in)

• मुह्यसे (muhyase) - you are bewildered (you are bewildered, you are deluded)

• अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

Words meanings and morphology

त्यक्त्वा (tyaktvā) - having abandoned (having abandoned, having forsaken)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root 'tyaj' with the suffix -tvā (absolutive).

Root: tyaj (class 1)

भ्रातॄन् (bhrātṝn) - brothers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

दयिताम् (dayitām) - beloved (wife) (beloved, dear one)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dayitā

dayitā - beloved, dear one, wife

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'day' (to pity, be compassionate) or 'dayita' (loved) as a feminine noun.

Root: day (class 1)

Note: Refers to Draupadi.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - even (also, even, too)

(indeclinable)

कृष्णाम् (kṛṣṇām) - Krishnaa (Draupadi) (Draupadi (lit. 'dark-colored one'))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛṣṇā

kṛṣṇā - Draupadi; a dark-skinned woman; the river Krishna

Note: Refers to Draupadi, wife of the Pandavas.

प्राप्तः (prāptaḥ) - attained (heaven/goal) (attained, reached, obtained)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prāpta

prāpta - obtained, reached, gained, attained

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'āp' with prefix 'pra', meaning 'to obtain, to reach'.

Prefix: pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Yudhishthira) who has attained the loka.

लोकः (lokaḥ) - desired world, heavenly realm, goal (world, realm, people, heaven)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people, division of the universe, heaven, goal

Note: In the context of the Swargarohanaparva, it refers to the heavenly realms or the desired destination.

कर्मणा (karmaṇā) - by your own deeds (by action, by deed, by ritual)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual, fate, consequence of actions (karma)

Derived from root 'kṛ' (to do) with suffix -man.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Refers to one's accumulated actions or destiny.

स्वेन (svena) - by your own (by one's own)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self, property, wealth

Note: Agrees with 'karmaṇā'.

वीर (vīra) - O hero! (addressing Yudhishthira) (O hero! O brave one!)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: A direct address to Yudhishthira.

श्वानम् (śvānam) - this dog (dog)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śvan

śvan - dog

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - this (dog) (this, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that, him, it

Note: Refers to the dog.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

त्यजसे (tyajase) - you do not abandon (you abandon, you forsake)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of tyaj

Present middle indicative 2nd person singular.

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Addressed to Yudhishthira.

कथम् (katham) - why (how, why)

(indeclinable)

Note: Interrogative.

नु (nu) - now, then (indeed, now, then)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic or interrogative particle.

त्यागम् (tyāgam) - renunciation (tyāga) (abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tyāga

tyāga - abandonment, renunciation, sacrifice, giving up

Derived from root 'tyaj' (to abandon).

Root: tyaj (class 1)

Note: Refers to the principle of renunciation followed by Yudhishthira.

कृत्स्नम् (kṛtsnam) - complete (complete, entire, whole)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kṛtsna

kṛtsna - all, whole, entire, complete

Note: Agrees with 'tyāgam'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - having embraced, standing firm in (resorted to, established in, standing firm in)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - resorted to, standing firm in, entered upon, commenced

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'sthā' with prefix 'ā', meaning 'to stand, to remain, to resort to'.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies the implied subject (Yudhishthira).

मुह्यसे (muhyase) - you are bewildered (you are bewildered, you are deluded)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of muh

Present middle indicative 2nd person singular.

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Addressed to Yudhishthira.

अद्य (adya) - now (today, now)

(indeclinable)