महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-74, verse-4

अप्रतिग्राहके किं च फलं लोके पितामह ।
तस्य किं च फलं दृष्टं श्रुतं यः संप्रयच्छति ॥४॥

4. apratigrāhake kiṁ ca phalaṁ loke pitāmaha ,
tasya kiṁ ca phalaṁ dṛṣṭaṁ śrutaṁ yaḥ saṁprayacchati.

4. apratigrāhake kim ca phalam loke pitāmaha tasya
kim ca phalam dṛṣṭam śrutam yaḥ saṃprayacchati

4. O grandfather, what is the fruit in this world for one who does not accept gifts? And what fruit, whether observed or heard of, is for him who gives generously?

Words meanings summery:

• अप्रतिग्राहके (apratigrāhake) - for one who does not accept gifts, to a non-recipient

• किम् (kim) - what, which, why

• च (ca) - and, also

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, benefit

• लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandfather (vocative)

• तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

• किम् (kim) - what, which, why

• च (ca) - and, also

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, benefit

• दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen, observed

• श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard, listened to, traditional

• यः (yaḥ) - who, which, whoever

• संप्रयच्छति (saṁprayacchati) - gives, bestows, offers

Words meanings and morphology

अप्रतिग्राहके (apratigrāhake) - for one who does not accept gifts, to a non-recipient

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of apratigrāhaka

apratigrāhaka - one who does not accept gifts, non-recipient

compound of a (negation) + pratigrāhaka (recipient)

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+pratigrāhaka)

• a – not, non
  indeclinable
  negative prefix
• pratigrāhaka – recipient, one who accepts
  noun (masculine)
  agent noun
  from prati-√grah (to seize, accept)
  Prefix: prati
  Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Refers to a person, hence noun usage despite being adjectival in base.

किम् (kim) - what, which, why

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, benefit

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

लोके (loke) - in the world, in the realm

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, realm, people

पितामह (pitāmaha) - O grandfather (vocative)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather (father's father), a great ancestor, Brahmā

तस्य (tasya) - of him, his

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'he who gives generously'.

किम् (kim) - what, which, why

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kim

kim - what, which, why

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, benefit

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Note: Can also be accusative singular neuter.

दृष्टम् (dṛṣṭam) - seen, observed

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, visible, observed

Past Passive Participle

from √dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'phalam'.

श्रुतम् (śrutam) - heard, listened to, traditional

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śruta

śruta - heard, listened, known by tradition, revealed (scripture)

Past Passive Participle

from √śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'phalam'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, which, whoever

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Relative pronoun.

संप्रयच्छति (saṁprayacchati) - gives, bestows, offers

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (laṭ) of yam

present active indicative

3rd person singular, parasmaipada, from sam-pra-√yam

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: yam (class 1)

Note: Root √yam in the 1st class (yacchati).

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