महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-74, verse-38

मातापित्रोः पूजने यो धर्मस्तमपि मे शृणु ।
शुश्रूषते यः पितरं न चासूयेत्कथंचन ।
मातरं वानहंवादी गुरुमाचार्यमेव च ॥३८॥

38. mātāpitroḥ pūjane yo dharmastamapi me śṛṇu ,
śuśrūṣate yaḥ pitaraṁ na cāsūyetkathaṁcana ,
mātaraṁ vānahaṁvādī gurumācāryameva ca.

38. mātā-pitroḥ pūjane yaḥ dharmaḥ tam
api me śṛṇu śuśrūṣate yaḥ pitaram
na ca asūyet kathaṃcana mātaram
vā anahaṃvādī gurum ācāryam eva ca

38. me mātā-pitroḥ pūjane yaḥ dharmaḥ tam api śṛṇu.
yaḥ anahaṃvādī pitaram ca mātaram vā gurum ācāryam eva ca śuśrūṣate (saḥ) kathaṃcana na asūyet.

38. Listen from me also to that duty (dharma) which concerns the veneration of parents. That person who serves his father—and never finds fault by any means—or his mother, and similarly serves his preceptor (guru) and spiritual teacher (ācārya), being humble.

Words meanings summery:

• माता-पित्रोः (mātā-pitroḥ) - of mother and father, of parents

• पूजने (pūjane) - in the honoring, in the worship

• यः (yaḥ) - which, who

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty, righteous conduct (duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature)

• तम् (tam) - that, him

• अपि (api) - also, even

• मे (me) - to me, from me, my

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• शुश्रूषते (śuśrūṣate) - he serves, he wishes to hear/obey

• यः (yaḥ) - who, the one who

• पितरम् (pitaram) - father

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• असूयेत् (asūyet) - he should envy, he should find fault

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means, ever, in any way

• मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

• वा (vā) - or, either

• अनहंवादी (anahaṁvādī) - not speaking of oneself, humble, modest

• गुरुम् (gurum) - teacher, respected elder

• आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - preceptor, spiritual teacher

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

माता-पित्रोः (mātā-pitroḥ) - of mother and father, of parents

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of mātā-pitṛ

mātā-pitṛ - mother and father (parents)

Compound type : dvandva (mātṛ+pitṛ)

• mātṛ – mother
  noun (feminine)
• pitṛ – father
  noun (masculine)

Note: Dual form implies 'of both mother and father'.

पूजने (pūjane) - in the honoring, in the worship

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pūjana

pūjana - honoring, worship, veneration

Root: pūj (class 10)

Note: Indicates the context for `dharma`.

यः (yaḥ) - which, who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Relative pronoun referring to `dharmaḥ`.

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - duty, righteous conduct (duty, righteousness, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - duty, righteousness, law, justice, virtue, intrinsic nature

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Subject of the implicit verb 'is'.

तम् (tam) - that, him

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, this, it

Note: Refers back to `dharmaḥ`, object of `śṛṇu`.

अपि (api) - also, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

मे (me) - to me, from me, my

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I (pronoun)

Note: Dative of interest, 'from me' in this context (listen from me).

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Command to the listener.

शुश्रूषते (śuśrūṣate) - he serves, he wishes to hear/obey

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of śuśrūṣ

Desiderative

Desiderative stem of śru (to hear)

Root: śru (class 5)

Note: Active for the 'one who serves'.

यः (yaḥ) - who, the one who

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who

Note: Subject of `śuśrūṣate` and `asūyet`.

पितरम् (pitaram) - father

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

Note: Object of `śuśrūṣate`.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Note: Negation.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.

असूयेत् (asūyet) - he should envy, he should find fault

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of asūy

Root: asūy (class 1)

Note: Expresses recommendation or possibility.

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means, ever, in any way

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the negation 'never'.

मातरम् (mātaram) - mother

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of mātṛ

mātṛ - mother

Note: Object of `śuśrūṣate`.

वा (vā) - or, either

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects items in a list.

अनहंवादी (anahaṁvādī) - not speaking of oneself, humble, modest

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anahaṃvādin

anahaṁvādin - not speaking of oneself, humble, modest

Compound type : nah-tatpurusha (an+aham+vādin)

• an – not
  indeclinable
• aham – I, ego, self
  pronoun
• vādin – speaking, saying, one who says/speaks
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent noun
  from √vad (to speak)
  Root: vad (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `yaḥ`.

गुरुम् (gurum) - teacher, respected elder

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guru

guru - teacher, preceptor, respected elder, heavy, important

Note: Object of `śuśrūṣate`.

आचार्यम् (ācāryam) - preceptor, spiritual teacher

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ācārya

ācārya - a preceptor, spiritual guide, teacher of sacred knowledge

Prefix: ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of `śuśrūṣate`.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

Note: Conjunction.