महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-74, verse-21

वैश्यः स्वकर्मनिरतः प्रदानाल्लभते महत् ।
शूद्रः स्वकर्मनिरतः स्वर्गं शुश्रूषयार्च्छति ॥२१॥

21. vaiśyaḥ svakarmanirataḥ pradānāllabhate mahat ,
śūdraḥ svakarmanirataḥ svargaṁ śuśrūṣayārcchati.

21. vaiśyaḥ svakarmanirataḥ pradānāt labhate mahat
śūdraḥ svakarmanirataḥ svargam śuśrūṣayā ṛcchati

21. vaiśyaḥ svakarmanirataḥ pradānāt mahat labhate.
śūdraḥ svakarmanirataḥ śuśrūṣayā svargam ṛcchati.

21. A member of the merchant/agricultural class (vaiśya) who is devoted to his own duties (svakarma) obtains great reward through giving. A member of the laboring/service class (śūdra) who is devoted to his own duties (svakarma) attains heaven through service.

Words meanings summery:

• वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a member of the merchant or agricultural class

• स्वकर्मनिरतः (svakarmanirataḥ) - devoted to one's own duties/actions

• प्रदानात् (pradānāt) - by giving, from giving, through gifts

• लभते (labhate) - obtains, gains, receives

• महत् (mahat) - great (reward) (great, large, important)

• शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a member of the laboring or service class

• स्वकर्मनिरतः (svakarmanirataḥ) - devoted to one's own duties/actions

• स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, the celestial world

• शुश्रूषया (śuśrūṣayā) - by service, through attendance

• ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, obtains

Words meanings and morphology

वैश्यः (vaiśyaḥ) - a member of the merchant or agricultural class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśya

vaiśya - member of the merchant/agricultural class

Derived from 'viś' (people, settlement)

Root: viś (class 6)

स्वकर्मनिरतः (svakarmanirataḥ) - devoted to one's own duties/actions

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svakarmanirata

svakarmanirata - devoted to one's own duties, intent on one's own actions

Compound describing someone engaged in 'svakarman'

Compound type : tatpurusha (svakarman+nirata)

• svakarman – one's own duty/action
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'karman' (duty)
• nirata – devoted to, engaged in, attached to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From upasarga 'ni' + root 'ram' (to delight, to stop) + suffix '-kta'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ram (class 1)

प्रदानात् (pradānāt) - by giving, from giving, through gifts

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of pradāna

pradāna - giving, gift, grant, offering

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

लभते (labhate) - obtains, gains, receives

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of labh

Root: labh (class 1)

महत् (mahat) - great (reward) (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, mighty, important

Present Active Participle (used as adjective/noun)

From root 'mah' (to grow) + suffix '-śatṛ'

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Implied as modifying 'phalam' (reward).

शूद्रः (śūdraḥ) - a member of the laboring or service class

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - member of the laboring/service class

स्वकर्मनिरतः (svakarmanirataḥ) - devoted to one's own duties/actions

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of svakarmanirata

svakarmanirata - devoted to one's own duties, intent on one's own actions

Compound describing someone engaged in 'svakarman'

Compound type : tatpurusha (svakarman+nirata)

• svakarman – one's own duty/action
  noun (neuter)
  Compound of 'sva' (own) and 'karman' (duty)
• nirata – devoted to, engaged in, attached to
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From upasarga 'ni' + root 'ram' (to delight, to stop) + suffix '-kta'
  Prefix: ni
  Root: ram (class 1)

स्वर्गम् (svargam) - heaven, the celestial world

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of svarga

svarga - heaven, celestial world

शुश्रूषया (śuśrūṣayā) - by service, through attendance

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of śuśrūṣā

śuśrūṣā - desire to hear, obedience, service, attendance

Desiderative nominal derivative

From desiderative stem 'śuśrū' (desire to hear or serve) of root 'śru' (to hear) + suffix '-ā'

Root: śru (class 5)

ऋच्छति (ṛcchati) - attains, reaches, obtains

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of ṛcch

From root 'ṛcch' or from root 'ṛ' (to go) in the Class 6 'ṛcchati' form

Root: ṛcch (class 6)