महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-74, verse-22

शूरा बहुविधाः प्रोक्तास्तेषामर्थांश्च मे शृणु ।
शूरान्वयानां निर्दिष्टं फलं शूरस्य चैव ह ॥२२॥

22. śūrā bahuvidhāḥ proktāsteṣāmarthāṁśca me śṛṇu ,
śūrānvayānāṁ nirdiṣṭaṁ phalaṁ śūrasya caiva ha.

22. śūrāḥ bahuvidhāḥ proktāḥ teṣām arthān ca me śṛṇu
śūrānvayānām nirdiṣṭam phalam śūrasya ca eva ha

22. śūrāḥ bahuvidhāḥ proktāḥ.
me teṣām arthān ca śṛṇu.
ha śūrānvayānām ca śūrasya eva phalam nirdiṣṭam.

22. Heroes are declared to be of many kinds. Listen from me to their purposes (or rewards). Indeed, the reward is specified both for heroic lineages and for the hero himself.

Words meanings summery:

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave men

• बहुविधाः (bahuvidhāḥ) - of many kinds, manifold, various

• प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are declared, are said, described

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

• अर्थान् (arthān) - purposes, objects, rewards, meanings

• च (ca) - and, also

• मे (me) - from me, to me (enclitic dative/genitive of 'I')

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

• शूरान्वयानाम् (śūrānvayānām) - of heroic lineages, of heroic descendants

• निर्दिष्टम् (nirdiṣṭam) - specified, declared, pointed out

• फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, reward

• शूरस्य (śūrasya) - of the hero

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

• ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphatic particle)

Words meanings and morphology

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - heroes, brave men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, mighty, warrior

Root: śū (class 1)

बहुविधाः (bahuvidhāḥ) - of many kinds, manifold, various

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bahuvidha

bahuvidha - of many kinds, various, manifold

Compound describing having 'bahu' (many) 'vidha' (kinds)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (bahu+vidha)

• bahu – many, much, numerous
  adjective (masculine)
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vidh' (to arrange, order)
  Root: vidh (class 1)

प्रोक्ताः (proktāḥ) - are declared, are said, described

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of prokta

prokta - spoken, declared, said

Past Passive Participle

From upasarga 'pra' + root 'vac' (to speak); 'vac' becomes 'ukta'

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them, their

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अर्थान् (arthān) - purposes, objects, rewards, meanings

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of artha

artha - aim, purpose, object, meaning, wealth, reward

Root: ṛ (class 3)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मे (me) - from me, to me (enclitic dative/genitive of 'I')

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I, myself

Enclitic form of 'aham'

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen, hear

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of śru

Root: śru (class 5)

शूरान्वयानाम् (śūrānvayānām) - of heroic lineages, of heroic descendants

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of śūrānvaya

śūrānvaya - heroic lineage, descendant of heroes

Compound of 'śūra' and 'anvaya'

Compound type : tatpurusha (śūra+anvaya)

• śūra – hero, brave, mighty
  noun (masculine)
  Root: śū (class 1)
• anvaya – lineage, family, connection, sequence
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: anu
  Root: i (class 2)

निर्दिष्टम् (nirdiṣṭam) - specified, declared, pointed out

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nirdiṣṭa

nirdiṣṭa - specified, declared, pointed out

Past Passive Participle

From upasarga 'nir' + root 'diś' (to point out, declare) + suffix '-kta'

Prefix: nir

Root: diś (class 6)

फलम् (phalam) - fruit, result, reward

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of phala

phala - fruit, result, consequence, reward

Root: phal (class 1)

शूरस्य (śūrasya) - of the hero

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - hero, brave, mighty, warrior

Root: śū (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just

(indeclinable)

ह (ha) - indeed, surely (emphatic particle)

(indeclinable)

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