महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-143, verse-5

उक्ता धर्मा ये पुराणे महान्तो ब्राह्मणानां क्षत्रियाणां विशां च ।
पौराणं ये दण्डमुपासते च शेषं कृष्णादुपशिक्षस्व पार्थ ॥५॥

5. uktā dharmā ye purāṇe mahānto; brāhmaṇānāṁ kṣatriyāṇāṁ viśāṁ ca ,
paurāṇaṁ ye daṇḍamupāsate ca; śeṣaṁ kṛṣṇādupaśikṣasva pārtha.

5. uktāḥ dharmāḥ ye purāṇe mahāntaḥ
brāhmaṇānām kṣatriyāṇām viśām
ca paurāṇam ye daṇḍam upāsate
ca śeṣam kṛṣṇāt upaśikṣasva pārtha

5. pārtha purāṇe brāhmaṇānām
kṣatriyāṇām viśām ca ye uktāḥ mahāntaḥ
dharmāḥ ye paurāṇam daṇḍam
upāsate ca śeṣam kṛṣṇāt upaśikṣasva

5. O Pārtha, learn the remaining aspects from Krishna concerning the great natural laws (dharma) that are described in the ancient texts (purāṇa) for Brahmins, Kṣatriyas, and Vaiśyas, and also regarding those who adhere to the ancient code of conduct (daṇḍa).

Words meanings summery:

• उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - taught, described (spoken, declared, taught)

• धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - natural laws (dharma), principles (duties, laws, virtues, principles, constitution)

• ये (ye) - which (which, who (plural))

• पुराणे (purāṇe) - in the ancient texts (purāṇa) (in the ancient texts, in ancient times)

• महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - great (great, mighty, noble)

• ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - for Brahmins (of Brahmins, for Brahmins)

• क्षत्रियाणाम् (kṣatriyāṇām) - for Kṣatriyas (of Kṣatriyas, for Kṣatriyas)

• विशाम् (viśām) - for Vaiśyas (of Vaiśyas, for Vaiśyas)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• पौराणम् (paurāṇam) - ancient (ancient, traditional)

• ये (ye) - those who (which, who (plural))

• दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - law, code of conduct (stick, staff, punishment, law, rule)

• उपासते (upāsate) - they follow, they adhere to (they attend, serve, revere, follow)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also)

• शेषम् (śeṣam) - the remaining aspects, the rest (remainder, rest)

• कृष्णात् (kṛṣṇāt) - from Krishna

• उपशिक्षस्व (upaśikṣasva) - learn (from him) (learn, cause to learn)

• पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī) (O Pārtha (Arjuna))

Words meanings and morphology

उक्ताः (uktāḥ) - taught, described (spoken, declared, taught)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ukta

ukta - spoken, said, declared

Past Passive Participle

Past Passive Participle of √vac (v-ukta)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'dharmāḥ'.

धर्माः (dharmāḥ) - natural laws (dharma), principles (duties, laws, virtues, principles, constitution)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Word choice 'natural laws (dharma)' as per instruction 1a/1b.

ये (ye) - which (which, who (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

पुराणे (purāṇe) - in the ancient texts (purāṇa) (in the ancient texts, in ancient times)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old; (as noun) ancient tale, legendary history, Purana

Note: Word choice 'ancient texts (purāṇa)' as per instruction 1b.

महान्तः (mahāntaḥ) - great (great, mighty, noble)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mahant

mahant - great, mighty, large, noble

Note: Qualifies 'dharmāḥ'.

ब्राह्मणानाम् (brāhmaṇānām) - for Brahmins (of Brahmins, for Brahmins)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class

क्षत्रियाणाम् (kṣatriyāṇām) - for Kṣatriyas (of Kṣatriyas, for Kṣatriyas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - Kshatriya, member of the warrior/ruling class

विशाम् (viśām) - for Vaiśyas (of Vaiśyas, for Vaiśyas)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of viś

viś - Vaiśya, member of the merchant/agricultural class

Root: viś (class 6)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

पौराणम् (paurāṇam) - ancient (ancient, traditional)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of paurāṇa

paurāṇa - ancient, old, traditional

derived from 'purā' (formerly)

Note: Qualifies 'daṇḍam'.

ये (ye) - those who (which, who (plural))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of yad

yad - who, which, what

Note: Subject of 'upāsate'.

दण्डम् (daṇḍam) - law, code of conduct (stick, staff, punishment, law, rule)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of daṇḍa

daṇḍa - staff, rod, punishment, scepter, law, rule, code of conduct

Root: daṇḍ (class 10)

Note: The meaning 'code of conduct' fits the context of dharma.

उपासते (upāsate) - they follow, they adhere to (they attend, serve, revere, follow)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of ās

present tense

present middle form of √ās with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: ās (class 2)

च (ca) - and also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

शेषम् (śeṣam) - the remaining aspects, the rest (remainder, rest)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śeṣa

śeṣa - remainder, rest, remnant

Root: śiṣ (class 7)

कृष्णात् (kṛṣṇāt) - from Krishna

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of kṛṣṇa

kṛṣṇa - Krishna, dark, black

Note: Refers to Lord Krishna.

उपशिक्षस्व (upaśikṣasva) - learn (from him) (learn, cause to learn)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, middle, imperative (loṭ) of śikṣ

imperative

2nd person singular imperative middle form of √śikṣ with prefix upa

Prefix: upa

Root: śikṣ (class 1)

Note: An instruction to Arjuna.

पार्थ (pārtha) - O Pārtha (Arjuna, son of Pṛthā/Kuntī) (O Pārtha (Arjuna))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pārtha

pārtha - son of Pṛthā (Kuntī), name of Arjuna

patronymic from Pṛthā

Note: Addressed to Arjuna.