महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-143, verse-23

स एकदा कक्षगतो महात्मा तृप्तो विभुः खाण्डवे धूमकेतुः ।
स राक्षसानुरगांश्चावजित्य सर्वत्रगः सर्वमग्नौ जुहोति ॥२३॥

23. sa ekadā kakṣagato mahātmā; tṛpto vibhuḥ khāṇḍave dhūmaketuḥ ,
sa rākṣasānuragāṁścāvajitya; sarvatragaḥ sarvamagnau juhoti.

23. sa ekadā kakṣagataḥ mahātmā tṛptaḥ
vibhuḥ khāṇḍave dhūmaketuḥ
| sa rākṣasān uragān ca avajitya
sarvatragaḥ sarvam agnau juhoti

23. sa mahātmā vibhuḥ tṛptaḥ dhūmaketuḥ
ekadā khāṇḍave kakṣagataḥ
sa rākṣasān uragān ca avajitya
sarvatragaḥ sarvam agnau juhoti

23. That great being, the pervasive, satisfied fire-god, whose banner is smoke, once arrived in the Khāṇḍava forest. Having completely subdued both demons and serpents, he, who pervades all, offers everything into the fire.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he, that

• एकदा (ekadā) - once, one time

• कक्षगतः (kakṣagataḥ) - having arrived in the Khāṇḍava forest (having gone to the thicket/forest, dwelling in the forest)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled, noble, great being

• तृप्तः (tṛptaḥ) - satisfied after consuming offerings (satisfied, content, appeased)

• विभुः (vibhuḥ) - pervasive, almighty, lord

• खाण्डवे (khāṇḍave) - in the famous Khāṇḍava forest mentioned in the Mahābhārata (in the Khāṇḍava forest)

• धूमकेतुः (dhūmaketuḥ) - Agni, the fire-god, whose banner is smoke (smoke-bannered, comet, epithet of Agni)

• स (sa) - he, that

• राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - demons, evil spirits

• उरगान् (uragān) - serpents inhabiting the Khāṇḍava forest (serpents, nāgas)

• च (ca) - and

• अवजित्य (avajitya) - having conquered, having subdued

• सर्वत्रगः (sarvatragaḥ) - Agni, who pervades all regions (omnipresent, going everywhere)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything in the Khāṇḍava forest (all, everything)

• अग्नौ (agnau) - into the ritual fire or his own form as fire (into the fire)

• जुहोति (juhoti) - Agni consuming everything, likened to an offering (offers, sacrifices)

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

एकदा (ekadā) - once, one time

(indeclinable)

suffix -dā for 'time'

कक्षगतः (kakṣagataḥ) - having arrived in the Khāṇḍava forest (having gone to the thicket/forest, dwelling in the forest)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kakṣagata

kakṣagata - gone to the thicket/forest

Compound type : tatpurusha (kakṣa+gata)

• kakṣa – thicket, forest, hidden place
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, reached, arrived
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to Agni entering the Khāṇḍava forest.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled, noble, great being

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble, great being

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit
  noun (masculine)

तृप्तः (tṛptaḥ) - satisfied after consuming offerings (satisfied, content, appeased)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tṛpta

tṛpta - satisfied, content, appeased

Past Passive Participle

from root tṛp (to satisfy)

Root: tṛp (class 4)

Note: Refers to Agni being satisfied after consuming the Ghee offerings during a Vedic ritual (yajña), making him capable of consuming the Khāṇḍava forest.

विभुः (vibhuḥ) - pervasive, almighty, lord

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vibhu

vibhu - pervasive, almighty, lord

खाण्डवे (khāṇḍave) - in the famous Khāṇḍava forest mentioned in the Mahābhārata (in the Khāṇḍava forest)

(proper noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of khāṇḍava

khāṇḍava - name of a forest

Note: The Khāṇḍava forest was consumed by Agni with the help of Arjuna and Krishna.

धूमकेतुः (dhūmaketuḥ) - Agni, the fire-god, whose banner is smoke (smoke-bannered, comet, epithet of Agni)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhūmaketu

dhūmaketu - smoke-bannered, comet, epithet of Agni

Compound type : bahuvrihi (dhūma+ketu)

• dhūma – smoke
  noun (masculine)
• ketu – banner, flag, sign
  noun (masculine)

Note: A descriptive epithet for Agni, meaning 'he whose sign/banner is smoke'.

स (sa) - he, that

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

राक्षसान् (rākṣasān) - demons, evil spirits

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of rākṣasa

rākṣasa - demon, evil spirit

उरगान् (uragān) - serpents inhabiting the Khāṇḍava forest (serpents, nāgas)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of uraga

uraga - serpent, snake

Compound type : tatpurusha (uras+ga)

• uras – chest, breast
  noun (neuter)
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix -ga
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the serpents inhabiting the Khāṇḍava forest.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अवजित्य (avajitya) - having conquered, having subdued

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

from root ji (to conquer) with prefix ava-

Prefix: ava

Root: ji (class 1)

सर्वत्रगः (sarvatragaḥ) - Agni, who pervades all regions (omnipresent, going everywhere)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sarvatraga

sarvatraga - going everywhere, omnipresent

Compound type : tatpurusha (sarvatra+ga)

• sarvatra – everywhere, in all places
  indeclinable
• ga – going, moving
  adjective (masculine)
  agent noun/suffix -ga
  from root gam (to go)
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Epithet for Agni, referring to his omnipresent nature.

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything in the Khāṇḍava forest (all, everything)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole

Note: Refers to everything in the Khāṇḍava forest.

अग्नौ (agnau) - into the ritual fire or his own form as fire (into the fire)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of agni

agni - fire, fire-god

Note: The fire is Agni himself, but here used in the sense of the ritual fire or his own form as fire.

जुहोति (juhoti) - Agni consuming everything, likened to an offering (offers, sacrifices)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present indicative (lat) of hu

Present Indicative

Class 3 verb, parasmaipada, reduplicated root

Root: hu (class 3)

Note: Refers to Agni consuming everything, which is likened to an offering into a ritual fire.