महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-143, verse-30

संवत्सरः स ऋतुः सोऽर्धमासः सोऽहोरात्रः स कला वै स काष्ठाः ।
मात्रा मुहूर्ताश्च लवाः क्षणाश्च विष्वक्सेने सर्वमेतत्प्रतीहि ॥३०॥

30. saṁvatsaraḥ sa ṛtuḥ so'rdhamāsaḥ; so'horātraḥ sa kalā vai sa kāṣṭhāḥ ,
mātrā muhūrtāśca lavāḥ kṣaṇāśca; viṣvaksene sarvametatpratīhi.

30. saṃvatsaraḥ sa ṛtuḥ saḥ ardhamāsaḥ
saḥ ahorātraḥ sa kalā vai sa kāṣṭhāḥ
| mātrā muhūrtāḥ ca lavāḥ kṣaṇāḥ
ca viṣvaksene sarvam etat pratīhi

30. saḥ saṃvatsaraḥ saḥ ṛtuḥ saḥ ardhamāsaḥ
saḥ ahorātraḥ saḥ kalā vai saḥ
kāṣṭhāḥ mātrāḥ ca muhūrtāḥ ca lavāḥ ca
kṣaṇāḥ ca etat sarvam viṣvaksene pratīhi

30. He (Krishna) is the year, the season, the half-month, the day and night; he is indeed the kalā and the kāṣṭhā (minute units of time). The mātrās, muhūrtas, lavas, and kṣaṇas (various units of time)—understand all this to be in Viṣvaksena (Krishna).

Words meanings summery:

• संवत्सरः (saṁvatsaraḥ) - year

• स (sa) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

• ऋतुः (ṛtuḥ) - season

• सः (saḥ) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

• अर्धमासः (ardhamāsaḥ) - half-month (fortnight)

• सः (saḥ) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

• अहोरात्रः (ahorātraḥ) - day and night

• स (sa) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

• कला (kalā) - a minute unit of time (a small unit of time, a minute, a sixteenth part of the moon's diameter)

• वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

• स (sa) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

• काष्ठाः (kāṣṭhāḥ) - a minute unit of time (1/18 of a kalā) (a minute division of time, a moment, a boundary)

• मात्रा (mātrā) - a unit of time (e.g., duration of a short vowel) (a unit of time (duration of a short vowel), measure)

• मुहूर्ताः (muhūrtāḥ) - units of time (e.g., 48 minutes) (periods of 48 minutes, moments)

• च (ca) - and

• लवाः (lavāḥ) - minute units of time (very small units of time, moments)

• क्षणाः (kṣaṇāḥ) - moments, instants

• च (ca) - and

• विष्वक्सेने (viṣvaksene) - in Viṣvaksena (a name of Vishnu/Krishna)

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

• एतत् (etat) - this

• प्रतीहि (pratīhi) - understand, know, perceive

Words meanings and morphology

संवत्सरः (saṁvatsaraḥ) - year

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃvatsara

saṁvatsara - year

स (sa) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

ऋतुः (ṛtuḥ) - season

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ṛtu

ṛtu - season, fixed time, period

सः (saḥ) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अर्धमासः (ardhamāsaḥ) - half-month (fortnight)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ardhamāsa

ardhamāsa - half-month, fortnight

Compound type : tatpurusha (ardha+māsa)

• ardha – half, a part
  adjective
• māsa – month
  noun (masculine)

सः (saḥ) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

अहोरात्रः (ahorātraḥ) - day and night

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ahorātra

ahorātra - day and night

Compound type : dvandva (ahan+rātra)

• ahan – day
  noun (neuter)
• rātra – night
  noun (neuter)

स (sa) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

कला (kalā) - a minute unit of time (a small unit of time, a minute, a sixteenth part of the moon's diameter)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of kalā

kalā - a small part, a fraction of time (e.g., 1/30 of a muhūrta)

वै (vai) - indeed, certainly

(indeclinable)

स (sa) - he (Krishna) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

काष्ठाः (kāṣṭhāḥ) - a minute unit of time (1/18 of a kalā) (a minute division of time, a moment, a boundary)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of kāṣṭhā

kāṣṭhā - a minute division of time (1/18 of a kalā), a boundary, a quarter of the world

मात्रा (mātrā) - a unit of time (e.g., duration of a short vowel) (a unit of time (duration of a short vowel), measure)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātrā

mātrā - measure, quantity, unit of time (duration of a short vowel)

मुहूर्ताः (muhūrtāḥ) - units of time (e.g., 48 minutes) (periods of 48 minutes, moments)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of muhūrta

muhūrta - a moment, a period of 48 minutes

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

लवाः (lavāḥ) - minute units of time (very small units of time, moments)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of lava

lava - a particle, a very short space of time, a moment

क्षणाः (kṣaṇāḥ) - moments, instants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣaṇa

kṣaṇa - a moment, an instant, a very short time

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

विष्वक्सेने (viṣvaksene) - in Viṣvaksena (a name of Vishnu/Krishna)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of viṣvaksena

viṣvaksena - Viṣvaksena (a name for Vishnu, Krishna, or an attendant of Vishnu)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - all, whole

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, complete

एतत् (etat) - this

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this

प्रतीहि (pratīhi) - understand, know, perceive

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of pratīhi

Imperative active, 2nd person singular, from root √i with prefix prati

Prefix: prati

Root: i (class 2)