महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-143, verse-16

स पौराणीं ब्रह्मगुहां प्रविष्टो महीसत्रं भारताग्रे ददर्श ।
स चैव गामुद्दधाराग्र्यकर्मा विक्षोभ्य दैत्यानुरगान्दानवांश्च ॥१६॥

16. sa paurāṇīṁ brahmaguhāṁ praviṣṭo; mahīsatraṁ bhāratāgre dadarśa ,
sa caiva gāmuddadhārāgryakarmā; vikṣobhya daityānuragāndānavāṁśca.

16. saḥ paurāṇīm brahmaguhām praviṣṭaḥ
mahīsattram bhāratāgre dadarśa |
saḥ ca eva gām uddadhāra agryakarmā
vikṣobhya daityān uragān dānavān ca

16. saḥ paurāṇīm brahmaguhām praviṣṭaḥ
bhāratāgre mahīsattram dadarśa saḥ
agryakarmā ca eva daityān uragān
dānavān ca vikṣobhya gām uddadhāra

16. Having entered the ancient secret abode of (Brahman), he witnessed a great earth-ritual (mahīsattra) at the dawn of the Bhārata era. And he, of supreme deeds, indeed lifted up the earth (go), after having agitated the Daityas, Uragas, and Dānavas.

Words meanings summery:

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• पौराणीम् (paurāṇīm) - ancient, old

• ब्रह्मगुहाम् (brahmaguhām) - secret abode of (Brahman), cave of sacred knowledge

• प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - having entered, entered

• महीसत्त्रम् (mahīsattram) - great earth-ritual

• भारताग्रे (bhāratāgre) - at the forefront of the Bhāratas, at the beginning of the Bhārata era

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he observed

• सः (saḥ) - he, that one

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

• गाम् (gām) - the earth (the earth, the cow)

• उद्दधार (uddadhāra) - he raised up, he supported

• अग्र्यकर्मा (agryakarmā) - of excellent deeds, whose actions are supreme

• विक्षोभ्य (vikṣobhya) - having agitated, having stirred up, having disturbed

• दैत्यान् (daityān) - the Daityas (a class of demons)

• उरगान् (uragān) - the Uragas (serpents, usually semi-divine beings)

• दानवान् (dānavān) - the Dānavas (another class of demons)

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

पौराणीम् (paurāṇīm) - ancient, old

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paurāṇa

paurāṇa - ancient, old, traditional, belonging to former times

ब्रह्मगुहाम् (brahmaguhām) - secret abode of (Brahman), cave of sacred knowledge

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of brahmaguhā

brahmaguhā - secret abode of Brahma, secret place of sacred knowledge

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+guhā)

• brahman – sacred knowledge, ultimate reality, Brahma
  noun (neuter)
• guhā – cave, hiding place, secret place
  noun (feminine)

प्रविष्टः (praviṣṭaḥ) - having entered, entered

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of praviṣṭa

praviṣṭa - entered, gone into

past passive participle

from root viś with prefix pra

Prefix: pra

Root: viś (class 6)

Note: Functions as an adjective in apposition to 'saḥ'

महीसत्त्रम् (mahīsattram) - great earth-ritual

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mahīsattra

mahīsattra - great Vedic ritual concerning the earth, great earth-protecting ritual

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahī+sattra)

• mahī – earth, land
  noun (feminine)
• sattra – a large or long Vedic ritual, a sacrificial session
  noun (neuter)

भारताग्रे (bhāratāgre) - at the forefront of the Bhāratas, at the beginning of the Bhārata era

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of bhāratāgra

bhāratāgra - foremost of Bhāratas, at the front of the Bhārata lineage/country, beginning of the Bhārata age

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhārata+agra)

• bhārata – descendant of Bharata, inhabitant of Bhārata (India)
  noun (masculine)
• agra – front, tip, beginning, chief, foremost
  noun (neuter)

Note: Could refer to a time period (dawn of an era) or a group of people (foremost among Bharatas).

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he saw, he observed

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of dṛś

perfect indicative

3rd person singular, active voice

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, certainly

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis

गाम् (gām) - the earth (the earth, the cow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of go

go - cow, earth, ray of light, heaven

Note: In this context, it clearly refers to the earth, often lifted by Varāha.

उद्दधार (uddadhāra) - he raised up, he supported

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect indicative (lit) of ud-dhṛ

perfect indicative

3rd person singular, active voice, from root dhṛ with prefix ud

Prefix: ud

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to the Varaha avatar.

अग्र्यकर्मा (agryakarmā) - of excellent deeds, whose actions are supreme

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of agryakarman

agryakarman - one whose deeds are excellent/supreme

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (agrya+karman)

• agrya – foremost, excellent, chief, principal
  adjective (masculine)
• karman – deed, action, work
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'saḥ'.

विक्षोभ्य (vikṣobhya) - having agitated, having stirred up, having disturbed

(indeclinable)

absolutive

from root kṣubh with prefix vi

Prefix: vi

Root: kṣubh (class 1)

दैत्यान् (daityān) - the Daityas (a class of demons)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of daitya

daitya - a descendant of Diti, a class of demons, giants

उरगान् (uragān) - the Uragas (serpents, usually semi-divine beings)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of uraga

uraga - a serpent, snake (lit. 'chest-goer')

Note: Refers to a class of beings, often associated with the underworld.

दानवान् (dānavān) - the Dānavas (another class of demons)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of dānava

dānava - a descendant of Danu, a class of demons

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)