महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-7, verse-29

को हि बन्धुः कुलीनः संस्तथा ब्रूयात्सुहृज्जने ।
यथासावुक्तवान्क्षुद्रो युयुत्सुर्वृष्णिसंनिधौ ॥२९॥

29. ko hi bandhuḥ kulīnaḥ saṁstathā brūyātsuhṛjjane ,
yathāsāvuktavānkṣudro yuyutsurvṛṣṇisaṁnidhau.

29. kaḥ hi bandhuḥ kulīnaḥ san tathā brūyāt suhṛjjane
yathā asau uktavān kṣudraḥ yuyutsuḥ vṛṣṇisaṃnidhau

29. hi kaḥ bandhuḥ kulīnaḥ san tathā suhṛjjane brūyāt
yathā asau kṣudraḥ yuyutsuḥ vṛṣṇisaṃnidhau uktavān

29. Indeed, what noble kinsman would speak in such a way amongst friends as that despicable Yuyutsu spoke in the presence of the Vṛṣṇis?

Words meanings summery:

• कः (kaḥ) - what (kind of) (who? what?)

• हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

• बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - kinsman, relative, friend

• कुलीनः (kulīnaḥ) - of noble family, well-born, high-born

• सन् (san) - being, existing

• तथा (tathā) - in such a (disparaging) way (thus, in that manner)

• ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should speak, would speak

• सुहृज्जने (suhṛjjane) - amongst friends (or close kinsmen) (to friends, among friendly people, amongst kinsmen)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as)

• असौ (asau) - that (Yuyutsu) (that (one))

• उक्तवान् (uktavān) - having spoken, he spoke

• क्षुद्रः (kṣudraḥ) - despicable (describing Yuyutsu's character) (small, tiny, mean, base, vile, contemptible)

• युयुत्सुः (yuyutsuḥ) - Yuyutsu (name)

• वृष्णिसंनिधौ (vṛṣṇisaṁnidhau) - among the Vṛṣṇis (in the presence of the Vṛṣṇis)

Words meanings and morphology

कः (kaḥ) - what (kind of) (who? what?)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kim

kim - who, what, which

Note: Acts as the subject of the question.

हि (hi) - indeed (indeed, surely, for)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

बन्धुः (bandhuḥ) - kinsman, relative, friend

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bandhu

bandhu - kinsman, relative, friend, connection

Note: Part of the compound subject with `kulīnaḥ`.

कुलीनः (kulīnaḥ) - of noble family, well-born, high-born

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kulīna

kulīna - of good family, high-born, noble, respectable

Derived from kula (family) + -īna suffix

Note: Modifies `bandhuḥ`.

सन् (san) - being, existing

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sat

sat - being, existing, good, virtuous, real

Present Active Participle

From root as (to be) + -at suffix

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Functions adverbially, 'while being'.

तथा (tathā) - in such a (disparaging) way (thus, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of manner.

ब्रूयात् (brūyāt) - should speak, would speak

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Expresses potential or desirability.

सुहृज्जने (suhṛjjane) - amongst friends (or close kinsmen) (to friends, among friendly people, amongst kinsmen)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of suhṛj-jana

suhṛjjana - friendly people, friends, well-wishers

Compound of suhṛd (friend) and jana (person, people)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (suhṛd+jana)

• suhṛd – friend, well-wisher
  noun (masculine)
  Compound of su (good) and hṛd (heart)
• jana – person, people, man
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root jan (to be born, produce)
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Indicates the group among whom the speaking happens.

यथा (yathā) - just as (as, just as)

(indeclinable)

Note: Introduces the comparison.

असौ (asau) - that (Yuyutsu) (that (one))

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that, this, he, she, it (demonstrative pronoun, referring to something distant or pointed out)

Note: Refers to Yuyutsu.

उक्तवान् (uktavān) - having spoken, he spoke

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uktavat

uktavat - having spoken, spoken

Past Active Participle

From root vac (to speak) + -tavat suffix

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Functions as a finite verb.

क्षुद्रः (kṣudraḥ) - despicable (describing Yuyutsu's character) (small, tiny, mean, base, vile, contemptible)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣudra

kṣudra - small, insignificant, mean, vile, base, contemptible

Note: Modifies Yuyutsu.

युयुत्सुः (yuyutsuḥ) - Yuyutsu (name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yuyutsu

yuyutsu - Yuyutsu (name of Dhritarashtra's son by a Vaishya woman)

Desiderative nominalization from root yudh (to fight)

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Proper name.

वृष्णिसंनिधौ (vṛṣṇisaṁnidhau) - among the Vṛṣṇis (in the presence of the Vṛṣṇis)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of vṛṣṇisaṃnidhi

vṛṣṇisaṁnidhi - presence of the Vṛṣṇis, assembly of the Vṛṣṇis

Compound of Vṛṣṇi (name of a Yadava clan) and saṃnidhi (presence, proximity)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (vṛṣṇi+saṃnidhi)

• vṛṣṇi – Vṛṣṇi (name of an ancient Yadava clan, Krishna belonged to it)
  proper noun (masculine)
• saṃnidhi – presence, proximity, vicinity
  noun (masculine)
  From root dhā (to place) with prefixes saṃ-, ni-
  Prefixes: sam+ni
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Indicates the place where Yuyutsu spoke.