महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-7, verse-13

बहु कल्याणमिच्छन्त ईहन्ते पितरः सुतान् ।
तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण वन्दनेन तितिक्षया ॥१३॥

13. bahu kalyāṇamicchanta īhante pitaraḥ sutān ,
tapasā brahmacaryeṇa vandanena titikṣayā.

13. bahu kalyāṇam icchantaḥ īhante pitaraḥ sutān
tapasā brahmacaryeṇa vandanena titikṣayā

13. bahu kalyāṇam icchantaḥ pitaraḥ tapasā
brahmacaryeṇa vandanena titikṣayā sutān īhante

13. Fathers (pitaraḥ), desiring much welfare, strive for their sons (sutān) through spiritual austerity (tapas), celibacy (brahmacarya), veneration, and forbearance.

Words meanings summery:

• बहु (bahu) - much (much, many, greatly)

• कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - welfare (welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune, virtue)

• इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring (desiring, wishing, wanting)

• ईहन्ते (īhante) - they strive for (they strive, they endeavor, they desire)

• पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers (fathers, ancestors)

• सुतान् (sutān) - sons (sons, children)

• तपसा (tapasā) - through spiritual austerity (tapas) (by asceticism, by austerity (tapas))

• ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - through celibacy (brahmacarya) (by celibacy, by student life, by religious studentship)

• वन्दनेन (vandanena) - through veneration (by homage, by veneration, by worship)

• तितिक्षया (titikṣayā) - through forbearance (by forbearance, by endurance, by patience)

Words meanings and morphology

बहु (bahu) - much (much, many, greatly)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of bahu

bahu - much, many, abundant, greatly

Note: Functions as an adverb here, 'greatly'.

कल्याणम् (kalyāṇam) - welfare (welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune, virtue)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of kalyāṇa

kalyāṇa - welfare, auspiciousness, good fortune, excellent, virtuous

Note: Object of `icchantaḥ`.

इच्छन्तः (icchantaḥ) - desiring (desiring, wishing, wanting)

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, plural of icchant

icchant - desiring, wishing, wanting

Present Active Participle

Derived from root `iṣ` (to wish, desire) with `śatṛ` suffix, reduplicated `iccha`.

Root: iṣ (class 6)

ईहन्ते (īhante) - they strive for (they strive, they endeavor, they desire)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (lat) of īh

Present Tense, 3rd Person Plural, Middle Voice

Derived from root `īh` (to strive). `īh` is a `bhvādi` root (Class 1).

Root: īh (class 1)

पितरः (pitaraḥ) - fathers (fathers, ancestors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor

सुतान् (sutān) - sons (sons, children)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of suta

suta - son, child, born

Past Passive Participle (from `sū` to give birth) or derived noun.

Derived from root `sū` (to give birth).

Root: sū (class 2)

Note: Object of `īhante` (they strive *for* their sons).

तपसा (tapasā) - through spiritual austerity (tapas) (by asceticism, by austerity (tapas))

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of tapas

tapas - asceticism, austerity, penance, heat

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Means of striving.

ब्रह्मचर्येण (brahmacaryeṇa) - through celibacy (brahmacarya) (by celibacy, by student life, by religious studentship)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of brahmacarya

brahmacarya - celibacy, religious studentship, student life, pursuit of brahman

Derived from `brahman` (Veda/spiritual truth) + `carya` (practice).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (brahman+carya)

• brahman – Veda, sacred knowledge, ultimate reality
  noun (neuter)
• carya – conduct, practice, observance
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root `car` (to move, to practice).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Means of striving.

वन्दनेन (vandanena) - through veneration (by homage, by veneration, by worship)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vandana

vandana - homage, veneration, worship, salutation

Derived from root `vand` (to salute, praise).

Root: vand (class 1)

Note: Means of striving.

तितिक्षया (titikṣayā) - through forbearance (by forbearance, by endurance, by patience)

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of titikṣā

titikṣā - forbearance, endurance, patience, power of endurance

Derived from desiderative of `tij` (to endure).

Root: tij (class 1)

Note: Means of striving.