महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-14, verse-7

नन्दयैतान्महाराज मत्तानिव महाद्विपान् ।
उपपन्नेन वाक्येन सततं दुःखभागिनः ॥७॥

7. nandayaitānmahārāja mattāniva mahādvipān ,
upapannena vākyena satataṁ duḥkhabhāginaḥ.

7. nandayā etān mahārāja mattān iva mahādvipān
upapannena vākyena satatam duḥkhabhāginaḥ

7. mahārāja satatam duḥkhabhāginaḥ etān mattān
mahādvipān iva upapannena vākyena nandayā

7. O great king, gladden these (brothers), who are constantly afflicted with sorrow, with appropriate words, just as one would gladden intoxicated great elephants.

Words meanings summery:

• नन्दया (nandayā) - gladden, delight (imperative)

• एतान् (etān) - these (masculine accusative plural)

• महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressed to Dhritarashtra. (O great king)

• मत्तान् (mattān) - intoxicated, maddened

• इव (iva) - like, as if

• महाद्विपान् (mahādvipān) - great elephants

• उपपन्नेन (upapannena) - suitable, appropriate, proper

• वाक्येन (vākyena) - by word, by speech

• सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly

• दुःखभागिनः (duḥkhabhāginaḥ) - sharers of sorrow, afflicted by misery

Words meanings and morphology

नन्दया (nandayā) - gladden, delight (imperative)

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of nand

Imperative Active

Causative form of root nand (to rejoice).

Root: nand (class 1)

Note: Command to the great king.

एतान् (etān) - these (masculine accusative plural)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of etad

etad - this

Note: Object of "nandayā". Refers to the brothers.

महाराज (mahārāja) - Addressed to Dhritarashtra. (O great king)

(compound noun)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+rājan)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressed to Dhritarashtra.

मत्तान् (mattān) - intoxicated, maddened

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of matta

matta - intoxicated, maddened, wild, lustful

Past Passive Participle

From root mad (to be glad, rejoice, be intoxicated).

Root: mad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with "mahādvipān".

इव (iva) - like, as if

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle expressing comparison.

महाद्विपान् (mahādvipān) - great elephants

(compound noun)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+dvipa)

• mahā – great, large
  adjective (feminine)
• dvipa – elephant (lit. 'two-drinker')
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of comparison for the brothers.

उपपन्नेन (upapannena) - suitable, appropriate, proper

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of upapanna

upapanna - suitable, appropriate, proper, endowed with

Past Passive Participle

From root pad (to go) with upasarga upa- + kta pratyaya.

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with "vākyena".

वाक्येन (vākyena) - by word, by speech

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of vākya

vākya - word, speech, sentence, statement

Note: Means by which the king should gladden them.

सततम् (satatam) - always, constantly

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb modifying "duḥkhabhāginaḥ".

दुःखभागिनः (duḥkhabhāginaḥ) - sharers of sorrow, afflicted by misery

(compound adjective)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (duḥkha+bhāgin)

• duḥkha – suffering, pain, misery, sorrow
  noun (neuter)
• bhāgin – partaker, sharer, possessing
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with "etān" (the brothers).