महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-14, verse-1

वैशंपायन उवाच ।
अव्याहरति कौन्तेये धर्मराजे युधिष्ठिरे ।
भ्रातॄणां ब्रुवतां तांस्तान्विविधान्वेदनिश्चयान् ॥१॥

1. vaiśaṁpāyana uvāca ,
avyāharati kaunteye dharmarāje yudhiṣṭhire ,
bhrātṝṇāṁ bruvatāṁ tāṁstānvividhānvedaniścayān.

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca avyāharati kaunteye dharmarāje
yudhiṣṭhire bhrātṝṇām bruvatām tān tān vividhān vedaniścayān

1. vaiśaṃpāyanaḥ uvāca.
kaunteye dharmarāje yudhiṣṭhire avyāharati (sati),
bhrātṝṇām tān tān vividhān vedaniścayān bruvatām (sati).

1. Vaiśampāyana said: While Yudhiṣṭhira, the son of Kunti (Kauṇṭeya) and King of natural law (dharma), remained silent, his brothers were speaking those various conclusions (niścayān) from the Vedas.

Words meanings summery:

• वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata) (Vaiśampāyana)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

• अव्याहरति (avyāharati) - while not speaking, while remaining silent

• कौन्तेये (kaunteye) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (in the son of Kunti, Kauṇṭeya)

• धर्मराजे (dharmarāje) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (in the King of natural law, in Dharmarāja)

• युधिष्ठिरे (yudhiṣṭhire) - in Yudhiṣṭhira

• भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers

• ब्रुवताम् (bruvatām) - of those speaking, while speaking

• तान् (tān) - those

• तान् (tān) - those

• विविधान् (vividhān) - various, diverse, manifold

• वेदनिश्चयान् (vedaniścayān) - the conclusions of the Vedas, Vedic determinations

Words meanings and morphology

वैशंपायनः (vaiśaṁpāyanaḥ) - Vaiśampāyana (a sage, narrator of the Mahabharata) (Vaiśampāyana)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vaiśaṃpāyana

vaiśaṁpāyana - name of a sage, a disciple of Vyasa

Patronymic.

Note: The narrator of the Mahabharata.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, he spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of vac

Perfect

Perfect active, 3rd person singular of root 'vac'.

Root: vac (class 2)

अव्याहरति (avyāharati) - while not speaking, while remaining silent

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of avyāharat

avyāharat - not speaking, silent

Present Active Participle

Negated participle from 'a' + 'vi' + 'ā' + root 'hṛ' (to carry, utter).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyāharat)

• a – not, non-
  indeclinable
  Negation prefix.
• vyāharat – speaking, uttering
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From 'vi' + 'ā' + root 'hṛ'.
  Prefixes: vi+ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Part of a locative absolute.

कौन्तेये (kaunteye) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (in the son of Kunti, Kauṇṭeya)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti (e.g., Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhima, Arjuna)

Derived from 'kuntī' (Kunti) + 'eya' suffix.

धर्मराजे (dharmarāje) - referring to Yudhiṣṭhira (in the King of natural law, in Dharmarāja)

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of dharmarāja

dharmarāja - king of natural law (dharma), lord of justice, Yudhiṣṭhira

Compound of 'dharma' (natural law) and 'rāja' (king).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+rāja)

• dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhṛ' (to uphold, support).
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'rāj' (to rule).
  Root: rāj (class 1)

युधिष्ठिरे (yudhiṣṭhire) - in Yudhiṣṭhira

(proper noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of yudhiṣṭhira

yudhiṣṭhira - firm in battle, Yudhiṣṭhira (name of the eldest Pāṇḍava)

Compound of 'yudhi' (in battle) and 'sthira' (firm).

Compound type : aluk-tatpuruṣa (yudhi+sthira)

• yudhi – in battle
  noun (feminine)
  Locative singular of 'yudh' (battle).
• sthira – firm, steady, stable
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'sthā' (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

भ्रातॄणाम् (bhrātṝṇām) - of the brothers

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

ब्रुवताम् (bruvatām) - of those speaking, while speaking

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of bruvat

bruvat - speaking, uttering

Present Active Participle

From root 'brū' (to speak), class 2.

Root: brū (class 2)

Note: Part of a genitive absolute.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the 'vedaniścayān'.

तान् (tān) - those

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Refers to the 'vedaniścayān'.

विविधान् (vividhān) - various, diverse, manifold

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vividha

vividha - various, diverse, manifold

'vi' (apart) + 'vidha' (kind, sort).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (vi+vidha)

• vi – apart, asunder, denoting separation or distribution
  indeclinable
  Prefix.
• vidha – kind, sort, manner
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'dhā' (to place, put).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Qualifies 'vedaniścayān'.

वेदनिश्चयान् (vedaniścayān) - the conclusions of the Vedas, Vedic determinations

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of vedaniścaya

vedaniścaya - determination of the Vedas, Vedic conclusion

Compound of 'veda' (Veda) and 'niścaya' (determination).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+niścaya)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vid' (to know).
  Root: vid (class 2)
• niścaya – determination, certainty, resolution, conclusion
  noun (masculine)
  From 'nis' + root 'ci' (to collect, observe).
  Prefix: nis
  Root: ci (class 5)

Note: Object of 'bruvatām'.