महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-14, verse-31

हत्वा राजसहस्राणि बहून्याशुपराक्रमः ।
तद्व्यर्थं संप्रपश्यामि मोहात्तव जनाधिप ॥३१॥

31. hatvā rājasahasrāṇi bahūnyāśuparākramaḥ ,
tadvyarthaṁ saṁprapaśyāmi mohāttava janādhipa.

31. hatvā rāja-sahasrāṇi bahūni āśu-parākramaḥ tat
vyartham samprapaśyāmi mohāt tava janādhipa

31. (āśu-parākramaḥ) hatvā bahūni rāja-sahasrāṇi,
janādhipa,
tava mohāt tat vyartham samprapaśyāmi

31. After one of swift valor had slain many thousands of kings, O lord of men, I now perceive that entire effort as futile, due to your delusion (moha).

Words meanings summery:

• हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

• राज-सहस्राणि (rāja-sahasrāṇi) - thousands of kings

• बहूनि (bahūni) - many

• आशु-पराक्रमः (āśu-parākramaḥ) - referring to Bhīma or the Pandavas' collective prowess (one of swift valor/prowess)

• तत् (tat) - referring to the action of killing kings (that)

• व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - useless, in vain, futile

• सम्प्रपश्यामि (samprapaśyāmi) - I see, I perceive, I consider

• मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, due to folly

• तव (tava) - your

• जनाधिप (janādhipa) - addressed to Yudhishthira (O lord of men, O king)

Words meanings and morphology

हत्वा (hatvā) - having killed, having slain

(indeclinable)

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Absolutive (gerund) form.

राज-सहस्राणि (rāja-sahasrāṇi) - thousands of kings

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, plural of rāja-sahasra

rāja-sahasra - thousand of kings

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (rājan+sahasra)

• rājan – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)
• sahasra – thousand
  noun (neuter)

Note: Object of 'hatvā'.

बहूनि (bahūni) - many

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, plural of bahu

bahu - many, much, numerous

Note: Adjective modifying rāja-sahasrāṇi.

आशु-पराक्रमः (āśu-parākramaḥ) - referring to Bhīma or the Pandavas' collective prowess (one of swift valor/prowess)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āśu-parākrama

āśu-parākrama - one whose valor is swift, swift in prowess

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (āśu+parākrama)

• āśu – swift, quick
  adjective (masculine)
• parākrama – valor, prowess, might
  noun (masculine)
  Root: kram (class 1)

Note: Refers to an implied agent, typically Bhīma or one of the Pandavas.

तत् (tat) - referring to the action of killing kings (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Object of samprapaśyāmi.

व्यर्थम् (vyartham) - useless, in vain, futile

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vyartha

vyartha - useless, futile, vain

from vi (prefix for separation, negation) + artha (purpose)

Compound type : avyayībhāva / karmadhāraya (vi+artha)

• vi – apart, away, without
  indeclinable
  prefix
• artha – purpose, meaning, wealth, object
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tat'.

सम्प्रपश्यामि (samprapaśyāmi) - I see, I perceive, I consider

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of samprapaś

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: dṛś (class 1)

मोहात् (mohāt) - from delusion, due to folly

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of moha

moha - delusion, illusion, folly, infatuation

from root muh 'to be bewildered'

Root: muh (class 4)

Note: Expresses cause.

तव (tava) - your

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you (pronoun)

Note: Possessive, modifying mohāt (your delusion).

जनाधिप (janādhipa) - addressed to Yudhishthira (O lord of men, O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of janādhipa

janādhipa - lord of men, king

from jana (people) + adhipa (lord)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (jana+adhipa)

• jana – people, person
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – lord, ruler, master
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Yudhishthira.