महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-219, verse-28

भूतसंघसहस्राश्च दीनाश्चक्रुर्महास्वनम् ।
रुरुवुर्वारणाश्चैव तथैव मृगपक्षिणः ।
तेन शब्देन वित्रेसुर्गङ्गोदधिचरा झषाः ॥२८॥

28. bhūtasaṁghasahasrāśca dīnāścakrurmahāsvanam ,
ruruvurvāraṇāścaiva tathaiva mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ ,
tena śabdena vitresurgaṅgodadhicarā jhaṣāḥ.

28. bhūtasaṅghasahasrāḥ ca dīnāḥ cakruḥ
mahāsvanam ruruvuḥ vāraṇāḥ ca eva
tathā eva mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ tena śabdena
vitresuḥ gaṅgodadhi-carāḥ jhaṣāḥ

28. Thousands of distressed beings and hosts of ghosts (bhūta) made a great uproar. Elephants roared, and likewise, wild animals and birds cried out. By that sound, the fish dwelling in the Ganges and the ocean were terrified.

Words meanings summery:

• भूतसङ्घसहस्राः (bhūtasaṅghasahasrāḥ) - thousands of hosts of beings/ghosts

• च (ca) - and, also

• दीनाः (dīnāḥ) - distressed, miserable, wretched

• चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

• महास्वनम् (mahāsvanam) - a great sound, a loud noise, an uproar

• रुरुवुः (ruruvuḥ) - they cried, they roared, they howled

• वारणाः (vāraṇāḥ) - elephants

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, also

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, likewise

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, also

• मृगपक्षिणः (mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ) - wild animals and birds (animals and birds, beasts and fowls)

• तेन (tena) - by that

• शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound

• वित्रेसुः (vitresuḥ) - they trembled, they were terrified

• गङ्गोदधि-चराः (gaṅgodadhi-carāḥ) - those moving in the Ganges and the ocean, dwelling in the Ganges and ocean

• झषाः (jhaṣāḥ) - fish

Words meanings and morphology

भूतसङ्घसहस्राः (bhūtasaṅghasahasrāḥ) - thousands of hosts of beings/ghosts

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhūtasaṅghasahasra

bhūtasaṅghasahasra - thousands of hosts of beings/ghosts

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'bhūtasaṅgha' (host of beings/ghosts) and 'sahasra' (thousand). 'bhūtasaṅgha' is itself a tatpuruṣa of 'bhūta' (being/ghost) and 'saṅgha' (assembly/host).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhūtasaṅgha+sahasra)

• bhūtasaṅgha – host of beings/ghosts
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound of 'bhūta' (being, ghost) and 'saṅgha' (assembly, host).
• sahasra – a thousand
  noun (neuter)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दीनाः (dīnāḥ) - distressed, miserable, wretched

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dīna

dīna - distressed, miserable, wretched

Past Passive Participle

P.P.P. of root √dī (to be sorrowful).

Root: √dī (class 4)

Note: Agrees with bhūtasaṅghasahasrāḥ.

चक्रुः (cakruḥ) - they made, they did

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √kṛ

Perfect Active

Root √kṛ (8th class) in Perfect tense, 3rd person plural active. Reduplicated form.

Root: √kṛ (class 8)

महास्वनम् (mahāsvanam) - a great sound, a loud noise, an uproar

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahāsvana

mahāsvana - great sound, loud noise, uproar

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'mahā' (great) and 'svana' (sound).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mahā+svana)

• mahā – great, large, extensive
  adjective (feminine)
  Often used as prefix 'mahā-'. Feminine stem of mahant.
• svana – sound, noise, roar
  noun (masculine)
  From root √svan (to sound, to roar).
  Root: √svan (class 1)

रुरुवुः (ruruvuḥ) - they cried, they roared, they howled

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √ru

Perfect Active

Root √ru (2nd class) in Perfect tense, 3rd person plural active. Reduplicated form.

Root: √ru (class 2)

वारणाः (vāraṇāḥ) - elephants

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vāraṇa

vāraṇa - an elephant, a kind of antelope, a shield

From root √vṛ (to cover, to ward off), with suffix -ana. In context, usually elephant.

Root: √vṛ

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, also

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, similarly, likewise

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, also

(indeclinable)

Emphatic particle.

मृगपक्षिणः (mṛgapakṣiṇaḥ) - wild animals and birds (animals and birds, beasts and fowls)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of mṛgapakṣin

mṛgapakṣin - animals and birds, beasts and fowls

Dvandva compound of 'mṛga' (animal, beast, deer) and 'pakṣin' (bird, winged).

Compound type : dvandva (mṛga+pakṣin)

• mṛga – wild animal, beast, deer
  noun (masculine)
• pakṣin – bird, winged creature
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pakṣa' (wing) + suffix -in.

तेन (tena) - by that

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with śabdena.

शब्देन (śabdena) - by the sound

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of śabda

śabda - sound, word, noise

वित्रेसुः (vitresuḥ) - they trembled, they were terrified

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (lit) of √tras

Perfect Active

Root √tras (1st class) in Perfect tense, 3rd person plural active. Reduplicated form.

Prefix: vi

Root: √tras (class 1)

गङ्गोदधि-चराः (gaṅgodadhi-carāḥ) - those moving in the Ganges and the ocean, dwelling in the Ganges and ocean

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of gaṅgodadhi-cara

gaṅgodadhi-cara - moving in the Ganges and ocean, dwelling in the Ganges and ocean

Tatpuruṣa compound. 'Gaṅgodadhi' (Ganges and ocean, dvandva) + 'cara' (moving/dwelling, from √car).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (gaṅgodadhi+cara)

• gaṅgodadhi – Ganges and ocean
  noun (masculine)
  Dvandva compound of 'gaṅgā' (Ganges) and 'udadhi' (ocean).
• cara – moving, dwelling, going
  adjective (masculine)
  noun agent
  From root √car (to move, to wander).
  Root: √car (class 1)

झषाः (jhaṣāḥ) - fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jhaṣa

jhaṣa - fish