महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-219, verse-20

तं प्रस्थितं महात्मानं समवेक्ष्य दिवौकसः ।
त्वरिताः सहिता राजन्ननुजग्मुः शतक्रतुम् ॥२०॥

20. taṁ prasthitaṁ mahātmānaṁ samavekṣya divaukasaḥ ,
tvaritāḥ sahitā rājannanujagmuḥ śatakratum.

20. tam prasthitam mahātmānam samavekṣya divaukasaḥ
tvaritāḥ sahitāḥ rājan anujagmuḥ śatakratum

20. Having seen that great-souled (ātman) one (Indra) depart, O king, the gods, swift and united, followed him (Indra).

Words meanings summery:

• तम् (tam) - him (referring to Indra) (him, that)

• प्रस्थितम् (prasthitam) - departed (set out, departed, gone forth)

• महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled (ātman) one (Indra) (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

• समवेक्ष्य (samavekṣya) - having seen, having observed (having seen, having observed, having perceived)

• दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - the gods (dwellers of heaven, gods)

• त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swift, hurried (hurried, swift, quick)

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united, together (accompanied, joined, together)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative) (O king)

• अनुजग्मुः (anujagmuḥ) - they followed (they followed, went after)

• शतक्रतुम् (śatakratum) - Indra (Indra, he of a hundred sacrifices)

Words meanings and morphology

तम् (tam) - him (referring to Indra) (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

प्रस्थितम् (prasthitam) - departed (set out, departed, gone forth)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of prasthita

sthā - to stand, to set out, to depart

Past Passive Participle

from root 'sthā' with prefix 'pra'

Prefix: pra

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'tam' and 'mahātmānam'.

महात्मानम् (mahātmānam) - the great-souled (ātman) one (Indra) (great-souled, noble, magnanimous)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, high-minded, noble, the great (ātman)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+ātman)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, individual self (ātman)
  noun (masculine)

Note: Adjective modifying 'tam'.

समवेक्ष्य (samavekṣya) - having seen, having observed (having seen, having observed, having perceived)

(indeclinable)

absolutive (gerund)

from root 'īkṣ' with prefixes 'sam' and 'ava'

Prefixes: sam+ava

Root: īkṣ (class 1)

दिवौकसः (divaukasaḥ) - the gods (dwellers of heaven, gods)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of divaukas

divaukas - dwellers of heaven, gods

Compound type : tatpurusha (div+okas)

• div – heaven, sky
  noun (feminine)
• okas – dwelling, abode, house
  noun (neuter)

त्वरिताः (tvaritāḥ) - swift, hurried (hurried, swift, quick)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tvarita

tvarita - hurried, swift, quick

Past Passive Participle

from root 'tvar'

Root: tvar (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'divaukasaḥ'.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - united, together (accompanied, joined, together)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, together with

Past Passive Participle

from root 'sah' + 'ita' suffix

Root: sah (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'divaukasaḥ'.

राजन् (rājan) - O king (vocative) (O king)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

अनुजग्मुः (anujagmuḥ) - they followed (they followed, went after)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of anugam

perfect active

3rd person plural, perfect, Parasmaipada, from root 'gam' with prefix 'anu'

Prefix: anu

Root: gam (class 1)

शतक्रतुम् (śatakratum) - Indra (Indra, he of a hundred sacrifices)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śatakratu

śatakratu - having a hundred sacrifices (epithet of Indra)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (śata+kratu)

• śata – hundred
  noun (neuter)
• kratu – sacrifice, rite, power, intention
  noun (masculine)