महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-1, chapter-219, verse-27

न चालभन्त ते शर्म रोधःसु विषमेषु च ।
पितृदेवनिवासेषु संतापश्चाप्यजायत ॥२७॥

27. na cālabhanta te śarma rodhaḥsu viṣameṣu ca ,
pitṛdevanivāseṣu saṁtāpaścāpyajāyata.

27. na ca alabhanta te śarma rodhaḥsu viṣameṣu
ca pitṛdeva-nivāseṣu saṃtāpaḥ ca api ajāyata

27. And they found no comfort, neither on the riverbanks nor in the difficult terrains. Furthermore, anguish also arose in the abodes of the ancestors and gods.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• अलभन्त (alabhanta) - they obtained, they got, they found

• ते (te) - those, they

• शर्म (śarma) - comfort, happiness, shelter, protection

• रोधःसु (rodhaḥsu) - on the riverbanks (on the banks, in the steep places, in the obstacles)

• विषमेषु (viṣameṣu) - in the difficult terrains (in uneven places, in difficult places, in rugged places)

• च (ca) - and, also

• पितृदेव-निवासेषु (pitṛdeva-nivāseṣu) - in the abodes of ancestors and gods

• संतापः (saṁtāpaḥ) - distress, torment, anguish, suffering

• च (ca) - and, also

• अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

• अजायत (ajāyata) - arose, was born, happened

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अलभन्त (alabhanta) - they obtained, they got, they found

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of √labh

Imperfect Middle

Root √labh (1st class) in Imperfect tense, 3rd person plural middle. Augmented form.

Prefix: a

Root: √labh (class 1)

ते (te) - those, they

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Demonstrative pronoun.

शर्म (śarma) - comfort, happiness, shelter, protection

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śarman

śarman - comfort, happiness, shelter, protection

रोधःसु (rodhaḥsu) - on the riverbanks (on the banks, in the steep places, in the obstacles)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of rodhas

rodhas - bank (of a river), obstacle, steep place

विषमेषु (viṣameṣu) - in the difficult terrains (in uneven places, in difficult places, in rugged places)

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, plural of viṣama

viṣama - uneven, difficult, rugged, dangerous

From 'vi' (irregular) and 'sama' (even).

Note: Agrees with rodhaḥsu (implied sthaneṣu or similar).

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

पितृदेव-निवासेषु (pitṛdeva-nivāseṣu) - in the abodes of ancestors and gods

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of pitṛdeva-nivāsa

pitṛdeva-nivāsa - abode of ancestors and gods

Tatpuruṣa compound of 'pitṛdeva' (ancestors and gods) and 'nivāsa' (abode). 'pitṛdeva' itself is a dvandva compound of 'pitṛ' and 'deva'.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pitṛdeva+nivāsa)

• pitṛdeva – ancestors and gods
  noun (masculine)
  Dvandva compound of 'pitṛ' (ancestor/father) and 'deva' (god).
• nivāsa – abode, dwelling, residence
  noun (masculine)
  From ni-√vas (to dwell).
  Prefix: ni
  Root: √vas (class 1)

संतापः (saṁtāpaḥ) - distress, torment, anguish, suffering

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saṃtāpa

saṁtāpa - distress, torment, anguish, suffering

From sam-√tap (to heat thoroughly, to distress).

Prefix: sam

Root: √tap (class 1)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, moreover

(indeclinable)

अजायत (ajāyata) - arose, was born, happened

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of √jan

Imperfect Middle

Root √jan (4th class, but here used in passive/middle form similar to ātmanepada) in Imperfect tense, 3rd person singular middle. Augmented form.

Prefix: a

Root: √jan (class 4)