योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-18, verse-20

यदि वाप्युदिते वातैस्तत्तदस्या न लक्ष्यते ।
तदन्तःसंस्थितैः स्पन्दो नावि कोशगतैरिव ॥ २० ॥

yadi vāpyudite vātaistattadasyā na lakṣyate ,
tadantaḥsaṃsthitaiḥ spando nāvi kośagatairiva 20

20. yadi vā api udite vātaiḥ tat tat asyāḥ na lakṣyate
tat antaḥsaṃsthitaiḥ spandaḥ nāvi kośagataiḥ iva

20. yadi vātaiḥ udite api asyāḥ tat tat na lakṣyate tat
antaḥsaṃsthitaiḥ spandaḥ nāvi kośagataiḥ iva (na lakṣyate)

20. Even if winds have arisen, the specific movement of (the boat) is not perceived, just as the motion of a boat is not perceived by those who are within its hull, (similarly) by those situated inside it.

Words meanings summery:

• यदि (yadi) - if, in case

• वा (vā) - even, though (or, either, possibly)

• अपि (api) - also, even, too

• उदिते (udite) - having risen, arisen

• वातैः (vātaiḥ) - by winds

• तत् (tat) - each (movement) (that, it)

• तत् (tat) - each (movement) (that, it)

• अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of this (boat) (of this, of her)

• न (na) - not, no

• लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is perceived, is observed, is seen

• तत् (tat) - that (boat) (that, it)

• अन्तःसंस्थितैः (antaḥsaṁsthitaiḥ) - by those situated within (the boat) (by those situated within)

• स्पन्दः (spandaḥ) - motion, vibration, pulsation

• नावि (nāvi) - in the boat

• कोशगतैः (kośagataiḥ) - by those who are within the boat's hull (passengers) (by those who are in a hull/sheath/womb)

• इव (iva) - like, as, as if

Words meanings and morphology

यदि (yadi) - if, in case

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - even, though (or, either, possibly)

(indeclinable)

अपि (api) - also, even, too

(indeclinable)

उदिते (udite) - having risen, arisen

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of udita

udita - risen, appeared, spoken

Past Passive Participle

From root 'i' (to go) with upasarga 'ud'.

Prefix: ud

Root: i (class 2)

वातैः (vātaiḥ) - by winds

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of vāta

vāta - wind, air, gust

तत् (tat) - each (movement) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tat

tad - that, it

Note: Used distributively with the next 'tat' to mean 'each and every' or 'specific (movement)'.

तत् (tat) - each (movement) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tat

tad - that, it

Note: Used distributively with the preceding 'tat' to mean 'each and every' or 'specific (movement)'.

अस्याः (asyāḥ) - of this (boat) (of this, of her)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

लक्ष्यते (lakṣyate) - is perceived, is observed, is seen

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (lat) of lakṣ

Present Passive

From root 'lakṣ' (to mark, perceive). 10th conjugation, ātmanepada.

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

तत् (tat) - that (boat) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tat

tad - that, it

Note: Refers to the boat, serving as a pronoun modifying 'antaḥsaṃsthitaiḥ'.

अन्तःसंस्थितैः (antaḥsaṁsthitaiḥ) - by those situated within (the boat) (by those situated within)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of antaḥsaṃsthita

antaḥsaṁsthita - situated within, placed inside

Compound type : karmadhāraya (antar+saṃsthita)

• antar – within, inside
  indeclinable
• saṃsthita – placed, situated, established
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'sthā' (to stand) with upasarga 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun referring to 'those who are within'.

स्पन्दः (spandaḥ) - motion, vibration, pulsation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of spanda

spanda - motion, vibration, pulsation, tremor

Root: spad (class 1)

नावि (nāvi) - in the boat

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of nau

nau - boat, ship

कोशगतैः (kośagataiḥ) - by those who are within the boat's hull (passengers) (by those who are in a hull/sheath/womb)

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of kośagata

kośagata - gone into a sheath/hull/cavity/womb

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kośa+gata)

• kośa – sheath, case, hull, womb, treasury
  noun (masculine)
• gata – gone, arrived, situated in
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Functions as a noun referring to 'those who are within the hull'.

इव (iva) - like, as, as if

(indeclinable)