योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-110, verse-1

श्रीवसिष्ठ उवाच ।
पुरोपकण्ठसंप्राप्तैश्चतुर्दिक्कं सहारिभिः ।
एतस्मिन्नन्तरे तत्र प्रवृत्तं दारुणं रणम् ॥ १ ॥

śrīvasiṣṭha uvāca ,
puropakaṇṭhasaṃprāptaiścaturdikkaṃ sahāribhiḥ ,
etasminnantare tatra pravṛttaṃ dāruṇaṃ raṇam 1

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca puraupakaṇṭhasamprāptaiḥ caturdikkam
saharibhiḥ etasmin antare tatra pravṛttam dāruṇam raṇam

1. śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca etasmin antare tatra puraupakaṇṭhasamprāptaiḥ
saharibhiḥ caturdikkam dāruṇam raṇam pravṛttam

1. Śrī Vasiṣṭha said: At this moment, a fierce battle commenced there, as enemies approached the vicinity of the city from all four directions.

Words meanings summery:

• श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• पुरौपकण्ठसम्प्राप्तैः (puraupakaṇṭhasamprāptaiḥ) - by those who had arrived near the city, by those who reached the vicinity of the city

• चतुर्दिक्कम् (caturdikkam) - in all four directions, from all four quarters

• सहरिभिः (saharibhiḥ) - with enemies, by the enemies

• एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this, at this

• अन्तरे (antare) - in the interval, in the meantime, at the time

• तत्र (tatra) - there, at that place

• प्रवृत्तम् (pravṛttam) - commenced, begun, started

• दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

• रणम् (raṇam) - battle, war, combat

Words meanings and morphology

श्रीवसिष्ठः (śrīvasiṣṭhaḥ) - Śrī Vasiṣṭha

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śrīvasiṣṭha

śrīvasiṣṭha - Name of a revered sage (Vasiṣṭha, endowed with glory).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (śrī+vasiṣṭha)

• śrī – glory, wealth, prosperity, beauty; revered
  noun (feminine)
• vasiṣṭha – Vasiṣṭha (a sage), most excellent
  proper noun (masculine)

Note: Speaker of the verse.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular

From root vac. Perfect form with reduplication.

Root: vac (class 2)

पुरौपकण्ठसम्प्राप्तैः (puraupakaṇṭhasamprāptaiḥ) - by those who had arrived near the city, by those who reached the vicinity of the city

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of puraupakaṇṭhasamprāpta

puraupakaṇṭhasamprāpta - having arrived near the city

Compound describing those who arrived.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (pura+upakaṇṭha+samprāpta)

• pura – city, town
  noun (neuter)
• upakaṇṭha – vicinity, neighbourhood, near
  noun (masculine)
  Prefix: upa
• samprāpta – arrived, obtained, reached
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root āp (to obtain) with prefixes sam- and pra-.
  Prefixes: sam+pra
  Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Modifies 'saharibhiḥ'.

चतुर्दिक्कम् (caturdikkam) - in all four directions, from all four quarters

(indeclinable)

Adverbial usage of 'caturdik'.

Compound type : dvigu (catur+dik)

• catur – four
  numeral
• dik – direction, quarter
  noun (feminine)

Note: Functions adverbially.

सहरिभिः (saharibhiḥ) - with enemies, by the enemies

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sahari

sahari - with enemies, possessing enemies; one who has enemies

Bahuvrīhi compound, 'sahita' (with) + 'ari' (enemy).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+ari)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable (prefix)
• ari – enemy, foe
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to the attacking forces.

एतस्मिन् (etasmin) - in this, at this

(pronoun)

Locative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Modifies 'antare'.

अन्तरे (antare) - in the interval, in the meantime, at the time

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of antara

antara - interval, interior, time, space between

Note: Temporal indicator.

तत्र (tatra) - there, at that place

(indeclinable)

Adverb of place.

प्रवृत्तम् (pravṛttam) - commenced, begun, started

(participle)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pravṛtta

pravṛtta - commenced, begun, active, engaged in

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛt (to be, exist, turn) with prefix pra-.

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Acts as the predicate for 'raṇam'.

दारुणम् (dāruṇam) - terrible, fierce, dreadful

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of dāruṇa

dāruṇa - terrible, dreadful, cruel, harsh

Note: Qualifies 'raṇam'.

रणम् (raṇam) - battle, war, combat

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, war, combat, conflict

From root raṇ (to delight, sound), but often associated with conflict.

Root: raṇ (class 1)

Note: The noun referring to the battle.