योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-7, chapter-109, verse-30

भुक्त्वाथ वह्निस्तं देहं ददावस्मै चतुर्गुणम् ।
महतामुपयुक्तं हि सद्य एवाभिवर्धते ॥ ३० ॥

bhuktvātha vahnistaṃ dehaṃ dadāvasmai caturguṇam ,
mahatāmupayuktaṃ hi sadya evābhivardhate 30

30. bhuktvā atha vahniḥ tam deham dadau asmai caturguṇam
mahatām upayuktam hi sadyaḥ eva abhivardhate

30. atha vahniḥ tam deham bhuktvā asmai caturguṇam
dadau hi mahatām upayuktam sadyaḥ eva abhivardhate

30. Then, having consumed that body, the fire (vahni) gave him one that was four times superior. For indeed, what is utilized by great beings immediately multiplies.

Words meanings summery:

• भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having consumed (having eaten, having consumed, having enjoyed)

• अथ (atha) - then (then, next, now)

• वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire (fire, carrier, vehicle)

• तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

• देहम् (deham) - body

• ददौ (dadau) - gave

• अस्मै (asmai) - to him (to him, for him)

• चतुर्गुणम् (caturguṇam) - four times superior (fourfold, four times, quadrupled)

• महताम् (mahatām) - of great beings (of great ones, of noble persons)

• उपयुक्तम् (upayuktam) - utilized (used, utilized, employed, proper, fit)

• हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

• सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, at once, instantly)

• एव (eva) - immediately (emphasizing 'sadyaḥ') (just, only, indeed, alone)

• अभिवर्धते (abhivardhate) - multiplies, increases manifold (increases, grows, thrives)

Words meanings and morphology

भुक्त्वा (bhuktvā) - having consumed (having eaten, having consumed, having enjoyed)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from the root bhuj (to eat/enjoy) with the suffix -tvā for an absolutive (gerund).

Root: bhuj (class 7)

अथ (atha) - then (then, next, now)

(indeclinable)

वह्निः (vahniḥ) - fire (fire, carrier, vehicle)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vahni

vahni - fire, Agni (god of fire), carrier, horse, ray of light

Root: vah (class 1)

तम् (tam) - that (that, him)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'deham'.

देहम् (deham) - body

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, shape

Root: dih (class 4)

ददौ (dadau) - gave

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of dā

Perfect Active

Perfect tense, 3rd person singular, active voice from root dā (to give).

Root: dā (class 3)

अस्मै (asmai) - to him (to him, for him)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, he, she, it

Note: Refers to the king.

चतुर्गुणम् (caturguṇam) - four times superior (fourfold, four times, quadrupled)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of caturguṇa

caturguṇa - four times, fourfold, quadrupled, having four qualities

Compound type : dvigu (catur+guṇa)

• catur – four
  numeral
• guṇa – quality, attribute, multiple, thread, strand
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agrees with 'deham' (implied new body).

महताम् (mahatām) - of great beings (of great ones, of noble persons)

(adjective)

Genitive, plural of mahat

mahat - great, large, noble, exalted, mighty, prominent

Note: Qualifies 'beings' or 'persons' implicitly.

उपयुक्तम् (upayuktam) - utilized (used, utilized, employed, proper, fit)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upayukta

upayukta - used, employed, utilized, proper, fit, suitable

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root yuj (to join) with prefix upa- and suffix -kta (for PPP).

Prefix: upa

Root: yuj (class 7)

Note: Refers to 'something' implicitly (like a gift, or an action).

हि (hi) - for, indeed (indeed, surely, because, for)

(indeclinable)

सद्यः (sadyaḥ) - immediately (immediately, at once, instantly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Often acts adverbially.

एव (eva) - immediately (emphasizing 'sadyaḥ') (just, only, indeed, alone)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle.

अभिवर्धते (abhivardhate) - multiplies, increases manifold (increases, grows, thrives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of abhivṛdh

Present Middle

Present tense, 3rd person singular, middle voice (ātmanepada) from root vṛdh (to grow) with prefix abhi-.

Prefix: abhi

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: The middle voice emphasizes the action is for the agent's benefit or self-referential.