योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-19, verse-40

अयं गतो मृतश्चायमिति दुर्दृष्टयः पुरः ।
स्वसंकल्पोपतापोत्था दृश्यन्ते नतु सत्यतः ॥ ४० ॥

ayaṃ gato mṛtaścāyamiti durdṛṣṭayaḥ puraḥ ,
svasaṃkalpopatāpotthā dṛśyante natu satyataḥ 40

40. ayam gataḥ mṛtaḥ ca ayam iti durdṛṣṭayaḥ puraḥ
svasaṃkalpopatāpotthāḥ dṛśyante na tu satyataḥ

40. ayam gataḥ ca ayam mṛtaḥ iti durdṛṣṭayaḥ puraḥ dṛśyante.
(tāḥ) svasaṃkalpopatāpotthāḥ (santi),
tu satyataḥ na.

40. These (ideas) such as 'this one has gone' and 'this one is dead' are false perceptions (durdṛṣṭi) that appear before (us), arising from the anguish of one's own imagination (saṃkalpa), but not from ultimate reality.

Words meanings summery:

• अयम् (ayam) - this one

• गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed, dead

• मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased

• च (ca) - and

• अयम् (ayam) - this one

• इति (iti) - thus, in this way, indicating quoted speech

• दुर्दृष्टयः (durdṛṣṭayaḥ) - wrong perceptions, false views

• पुरः (puraḥ) - in front, before, in the presence

• स्वसंकल्पोपतापोत्थाः (svasaṁkalpopatāpotthāḥ) - arising from the suffering of one's own imagination/resolve

• दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen, appear

• न (na) - not

• तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

• सत्यतः (satyataḥ) - truly, in reality

Words meanings and morphology

अयम् (ayam) - this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

गतः (gataḥ) - gone, departed, dead

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gata

gata - gone, departed, attained, known, dead

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'gam' (to go).

Root: gam (class 1)

मृतः (mṛtaḥ) - dead, deceased

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mṛta

mṛta - dead, deceased, died

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'mṛ' (to die).

Root: mṛ (class 6)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

अयम् (ayam) - this one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

इति (iti) - thus, in this way, indicating quoted speech

(indeclinable)

दुर्दृष्टयः (durdṛṣṭayaḥ) - wrong perceptions, false views

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of durdṛṣṭi

durdṛṣṭi - wrong view, false perception, evil eye

Compound of 'dur' (bad/wrong) and 'dṛṣṭi' (view/perception).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (dur+dṛṣṭi)

• dur – bad, evil, difficult
  indeclinable
• dṛṣṭi – vision, perception, sight, view
  noun (feminine)

पुरः (puraḥ) - in front, before, in the presence

(indeclinable)

स्वसंकल्पोपतापोत्थाः (svasaṁkalpopatāpotthāḥ) - arising from the suffering of one's own imagination/resolve

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, plural of svasaṃkalpopatāpotthā

svasaṁkalpopatāpotthā - arising from the anguish of one's own resolve/imagination

Compound: sva (own) + saṃkalpa (imagination/resolve) + upatāpa (suffering) + utthā (arising from).

Compound type : pañcamī tatpuruṣa (sva+saṃkalpa+upatāpa+utthā)

• sva – own, self, one's own
  pronoun
• saṃkalpa – resolve, intention, imagination, mental construct, determination
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'kḷp' with prefix 'sam'.
  Prefix: sam
  Root: kḷp (class 1)
• upatāpa – suffering, distress, affliction, anguish
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'tap' with prefix 'upa'.
  Prefix: upa
  Root: tap (class 1)
• utthā – arising from, originating from, produced by
  adjective
  Derived from root 'sthā' (to stand) with prefix 'ud' (up), meaning 'rising' or 'originating'.
  Prefix: ud
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'durdṛṣṭayaḥ'.

दृश्यन्ते (dṛśyante) - are seen, appear

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of dṛś

Root 'dṛś' (Bhvādi class 1) in passive voice, present tense.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

न (na) - not

(indeclinable)

तु (tu) - but, indeed, however

(indeclinable)

सत्यतः (satyataḥ) - truly, in reality

(indeclinable)

Formed by adding the suffix '-tas' to 'satya', indicating 'from' or 'in the manner of'.