योगवासिष्ठः yogavāsiṣṭhaḥ - book-5, chapter-12, verse-8

प्रहृष्टो न बभूवासौ क्वचिन्न च सुदुःखितः ।
प्रकृतेर्व्यवहारत्वात्सदैव सममानसः ॥ ८ ॥

prahṛṣṭo na babhūvāsau kvacinna ca suduḥkhitaḥ ,
prakṛtervyavahāratvātsadaiva samamānasaḥ 8

8. prahṛṣṭaḥ na babhūva asau kvacit na ca suduḥkhitaḥ
prakṛteḥ vyavahāratvāt sadā eva samamānasaḥ

8. asau kvacit prahṛṣṭaḥ na babhūva ca suduḥkhitaḥ na [babhūva].
prakṛteḥ vyavahāratvāt sadā eva samamānasaḥ

8. He was never excessively delighted nor greatly distressed. Due to the workings of nature (prakṛti), his mind always remained equanimous.

8. הוא לא התמלא צהלה מופרזת וגם לא שקע בצער עמוק; בראותו כי מדובר רק בפעולת הַפְּרַקְרִיתִי (הטבע), רוחו נותרה תמיד שקולה ומאוזנת.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रहृष्टः (prahṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted, very happy

• न (na) - not, no

• बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

• असौ (asau) - he, that one

• क्वचित् (kvacit) - in this context, combined with 'na', means 'never' (anywhere, at any time, sometimes)

• न (na) - not, no

• च (ca) - and, also

• सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - very distressed, extremely sorrowful

• प्रकृतेः (prakṛteḥ) - of nature, from nature

• व्यवहारत्वात् (vyavahāratvāt) - because of the activity, due to the practical dealing/conduct

• सदा (sadā) - always, ever

• एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

• सममानसः (samamānasaḥ) - even-minded, equanimous

Words meanings and morphology

प्रहृष्टः (prahṛṣṭaḥ) - greatly delighted, very happy

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prahṛṣṭa

prahṛṣṭa - delighted, glad, joyful

Past Passive Participle

from root hṛṣ (to be excited, rejoice) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: hṛṣ (class 1)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'asau'

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

negation particle

बभूव (babhūva) - became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

Perfect Tense

reduplicated perfect, from root bhū (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

असौ (asau) - he, that one

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of adas

adas - that (remote), this (proximate)

Note: Subject of the sentence (referring to Janaka)

क्वचित् (kvacit) - in this context, combined with 'na', means 'never' (anywhere, at any time, sometimes)

(indeclinable)

from interrogative pronoun 'ka' + 'cid'

Note: Used with 'na' to express negation over place/time.

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

negation particle

Note: Paired with the first 'na' to form 'neither...nor' with 'ca'

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

conjunction particle

सुदुःखितः (suduḥkhitaḥ) - very distressed, extremely sorrowful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of suduḥkhita

suduḥkhita - very distressed, very sad

Past Passive Participle

tatpurusha compound: su (very) + duḥkhita (distressed)

Compound type : tatpurusha (su+duḥkhita)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
  prefix indicating intensity or goodness
• duḥkhita – pained, distressed, unhappy
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  from duḥkha (pain) + suffix -ita
  Root: duḥkh (class 10)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'asau'

प्रकृतेः (prakṛteḥ) - of nature, from nature

(noun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of prakṛti

prakṛti - nature, primary matter, origin, fundamental constitution

from root kṛ (to do, make) with upasarga pra

Prefix: pra

Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Governs 'vyavahāratvāt' (causal sense)

व्यवहारत्वात् (vyavahāratvāt) - because of the activity, due to the practical dealing/conduct

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of vyavahāratva

vyavahāratva - the state of being a transaction/activity/practical conduct

from 'vyavahāra' + suffix 'tva' (abstract noun suffix)

Note: indicates cause or reason

सदा (sadā) - always, ever

(indeclinable)

adverb of time

एव (eva) - indeed, just, only

(indeclinable)

emphatic particle

Note: Emphasizes 'sadā'

सममानसः (samamānasaḥ) - even-minded, equanimous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of samamānasa

samamānasa - even-minded, having a balanced mind, tranquil

bahuvrihi compound: sama (equal, even) + mānasa (mind, heart)

Compound type : bahuvrihi (sama+mānasa)

• sama – equal, same, even, tranquil
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: sam
• mānasa – pertaining to the mind, mental, mind, heart
  noun (neuter)
  from manas (mind)
  Root: man (class 4)

Note: Predicative adjective for 'asau'

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